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RES Biweekly 1 > Sayner- histology of respiratory system > Flashcards

Sayner- histology of respiratory system Flashcards

1
Q

conduct air from external environment down to acinar airways; warm, moisten, and cleanse

A

conducting airways

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2
Q

carry deoxygenated blood to lungs

A

pulmonary a.

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3
Q

carry mixed oxygenated blood back to heart from lungs

A

pulmonary veins

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4
Q

circulation in the lungs that is nutritional

A

bronchial

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5
Q

fluid balance and immune defense (BALT)

A

lymphatics

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6
Q

filled w/ extracellular matrix and helps support the lung tissue

A

interstitium

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7
Q

L and R

A

L: esophagus
R: trachea

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8
Q

C shaped cartilage ring surrounds what

A

trachea

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9
Q

C shaped cartilage ring
submucosal glands
smooth muscle bridge (posterior)

A

trachea

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10
Q

what causes cartilage calcification and stiffness of trachea

A

aging

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11
Q

mucosa
submucosa
cartilage rings
adventitia

A

trachea

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12
Q

submucosa here contains submucosal glands

A

trachea

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13
Q

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

A

respiratory mucosa

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14
Q
A

respiratory mucosa

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15
Q

connective tissue
highly vascularized

A

lamina propria of respiratory mucosa

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16
Q
A

respiratory epithelium w/ goblet cells and ciliated cells

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17
Q

stores mucus

A

goblet cells

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18
Q

helps move mucus up and out

A

ciliated cells

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19
Q

cilia in cross section (9 + 2); microtubule structures that have motility b/c of dynein motors

A

Axenome

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20
Q

can paralyze cilia and cause patients to cough to help move mucus out; squamous cell metaplasia

A

smoking

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21
Q

mutation that disrupts cilia motility (patients cant move mucus out of airways—coughing to help move mucus out )

A

primary ciliary dyskinesia

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22
Q
A

trachea

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23
Q

submucosal glands only present where

A

trachea and primary bronchi

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24
Q

these are seromucous glands that have serous and mucus secretions

A

submucosal glands

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25
Q

w/ each division of branching, there is a decrease in what and an increase in what

A

decrease in diameter
increase in surface area

26
Q

these contain cartilage plates

A

primary bronchi

27
Q
A

primary bronchi

28
Q

L and R

A

L: bronchi
R: blood vessel

29
Q
A

bronchi and pulmonary a

30
Q
A

bronchovascular bundle and interstitium

31
Q

flatter respiratory epithelium
continuous smooth muscle layer
submucosal glands
cartilage plates

A

bronchi

32
Q

conduct air to respiratory zone of the lung

A

bronchioles

33
Q

mucosa of this turns to cuboidal distally and loss of cilia and goblet cells

A

bronchioles

34
Q

spiral organization of smooth muscle

A

bronchioles

35
Q

no cartilage plates and no more submucosal glands

A

bronchioles

36
Q

no cartilage or submucosal glands

A

bronchiole

37
Q

contain respiratory/pulmonary acinus

A

pulmonary lobules

38
Q

Mixing of venous blood from bronchiole circulation and pulmonary circulation—-in capillary bed (mixed venous blood in pulm vein

A

pulmonary lobule

39
Q

lined with dome shaped club cells
no goblet cells, no ciliated cells

A

terminal bronchioles

40
Q

contain lipid/protein component (CC16 protein) and prevents airway collapse

A

terminal bronchioles

41
Q
A

terminal bronchiole

42
Q

spiral smooth muscle

A

terminal bronchiole

43
Q

organizes a pulmonary acinus
elastic fibers

A

respiratory bronchioles

44
Q
A

elastic fibers

45
Q

cuboidal epithelial cells
club cells
smooth muscle
alveoli outpouchings

A

respiratory zone

46
Q
A

respiratory zone

47
Q

club cells
smooth muscle bundles into lumen

A

respiratory bronchioles

48
Q
A

alveolar duct and sacs and alveoli

49
Q

site of gas exchange

A

alveoli

50
Q

main 2 cell types in alveoli

A

type I and II pneumocytes

51
Q

covers 90% of surface area of alveolus

A

type I pneumocyte

52
Q

secretes surfactant and replaces type I cells

A

type II pneumocytes

53
Q

contain pulmonary capillaries

A

septa

54
Q

surfactant is synthesized here

A

lamellar bodies of Type II cell

55
Q

reduces tendency of alveoli to collapse during expiration; contains proteins/lipids and antimicrobials

A

surfactant

56
Q

surfactant supplementation or steroids to mother to help promote surfactant synthesis

A

for premature babies

57
Q

thin side of septa

A

site of gas exchange

58
Q

thick side of septa

A

connective tissue and elastic fibers

59
Q

link adjacent alveoli

A

Pores of Kohn

60
Q

the outer lining of the lung is the connective tissue and mesothelium

A

visceral pleura

RES Biweekly 1 (11 decks)

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