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RES Biweekly 1 > Alvarez- Anatomy of Respiratory system > Flashcards

Alvarez- Anatomy of Respiratory system Flashcards

1
Q

true ribs

A

1-7

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2
Q

false ribs

A

8-10 (connect to sternum by cartilage)

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3
Q

floating ribs

A

11, 12

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4
Q

intercostals used in inspiration

A

external

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5
Q

intercostals used in expiration

A

internal

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6
Q

accessory muscles of inspiration

A

sternocleidomastoid
scalenes

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7
Q

pleura that covers the lungs

A

visceral

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8
Q

pleura that is attached to thoracic cavity

A

parietal pleura

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9
Q

space in b/t visceral and parietal pleura

A

pleural space

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10
Q

excess fluid in pleural space

A

pleural effusion

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11
Q
A

lungs: 6th rib
pleura: 8th rib

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12
Q
A

lungs: 8th rib
pleura: 10th rib

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13
Q
A

lungs: 10th rib
pleura: 12th rib

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14
Q

where to drain fluid in pleural effusion

A

above 10th rib at midscapular line

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15
Q

why go above rib when draining

A

because neurovascular bundle is below ribs

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16
Q

air trapped in pleural space

A

pneumothorax

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17
Q

space safe to get air out of pleural space

A

4th intercostal space

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18
Q

2 fissures of R lung

A

minor (horizontal) and major (oblique)

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19
Q

fissure of L lung

A

major (oblique)

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20
Q

fissure seen on posterior R and L lungs

A

oblique

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21
Q

L and R primary bronchi each contain how many segments

A

10

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22
Q

secondary (lobar) bronchi of R lung

A

upper
middle
lower

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23
Q

secondary (lobar) bronchi of L lung

A

upper
lower

24
Q

lingula is part of what lobe

A

LUL (inferior segment)

25
Q

segments of the lobes of lungs

A

anterior
posterior
medial
lateral
superior
inferior

26
Q

after 16 generations, airways are capable of what

A

gas exchange (respiratory bronchioles)

27
Q

lung divides to a total of ____ generations

A

23

28
Q

primary bronchi
secondary bronchi
segmental bronchi
conducting bronchioles
terminal bronchioles

A

conducting

29
Q

respiratory bronchioles
alveolar ducts
alveolar sacs
alveoli

A

gas exchange

30
Q

takes deoxygenated blood into lungs for gas exchange and back to heart at L atrium through pulmonary veins

A

pulmonary artery

31
Q

brings oxygenated blood back to heart from lungs (this is specific for this part of body, different in systemic circulation)

A

pulmonary veins

32
Q

originates from thoracic aorta and provides oxygenated blood to the airways

A

bronchial circulation

33
Q

bronchial veins drain their deoxygenated blood into oxygenated pulmonary veins

A

shunting

34
Q

drain fluid from the distal lung parenchyma into proximal (hilar) lymphatics and/or the thoracic duct that drains into the left subclavian vein

A

pulmonary lymphatics

35
Q

Systemic circulation feeding the airways and pleura originates from _____ that branch from thoracic aorta

A

intercostal arteries

36
Q

gives rise to intercostal arteries that give rise to bronchial circulation and distribution of airways

A

thoracic aorta

37
Q

depends on the alveoli being thinned walled, properly inflated, and not filled with liquid. This increases gas exchange by bringing air close to the capillaries

A

gas exchange

38
Q

makes it difficult for gas exchange to occur due to excess accumulation of fluid in the lungs

A

pulmonary edema

39
Q

nodes at bifurcation

A

carinal nodes

40
Q

nodes along tertiary bronchi

A

pulmonary nodes

41
Q

nodes along lobar bronchi

A

bronchopulmonary nodes

42
Q

nodes along primary bronchi

A

tracheobronchial nodes

43
Q

nodes along trachea

A

paratracheal nodes

44
Q

nodes along mediastinum

A

mediastinal nodes

45
Q

the anatomical structure defining the entrance (or exiting) of the airways and pulmonary vessels from or to the lung

A

the hilum

46
Q
A

L lung hilum
pulm a. superior to main bronchus

47
Q
A

R lung hilum
pulm. a anterior to main bronchus

48
Q

nerves that provide somatic innervation and innervate parietal pleura

A

intercostal nerves (T1-T11—–thoracic splanchnic)

49
Q

innervated by autonomic lung plexus

A

visceral pleura

50
Q

pleura that can feel pain

A

parietal

51
Q
A

from R side of picture to L:
sympathetic trunk
R vagus
L vagus
cardiac plexus
L recurrent laryngeal n.
pulmonary plexus

52
Q

cause bronchial constriction
vasodilation

A

parasympathetics

53
Q

cause bronchial dilation
vasoconstriction

A

sympathetics

54
Q

sympathetics cause _____ pain

A

visceral

55
Q

keeps the diaphragm alive

A

phrenic n. (C3, C4, C5)

RES Biweekly 1 (5 decks)

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