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RES Biweekly 1 > Fouty: Asthma > Flashcards

Fouty: Asthma Flashcards

1
Q

young
diaphoretic
resp. distress

A

asthma

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2
Q

chronic disorder of the airways that is complex and characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and an underlying inflammation

A

asthma

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3
Q

people with this have airways that are sensitive to things others are not

A

asthma

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4
Q

airways narrow too much and too easily (hyperreactive)
chronic inflammation of airways

A

asthma

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5
Q

increased tone of bronchial smooth muscle
inflammation/edema of airways

A

asthma

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6
Q

Episodic wheezing, dyspnea, chest tightness
With or without known triggers (cold, allergens, exercise, etc.)
Symptoms worse at night

A

diagnose asthma

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7
Q

Presence of airflow obstruction on spirometry
Usually reversible, but can be non-reversible when advanced
OR
Positive methacholine challenge test

A

diagnose asthma

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8
Q

high normal serum eosinophils
increased exhaled NO

A

people with asthma

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9
Q

Bronchoconstriction and inflammation due to pollen, dust, smoke, cats…etc

A

asthma

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10
Q
A

asthma

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11
Q

demonstrate obstruction or provoke it to confirm what

A

asthma

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12
Q

not an increase in TLC, but does have gas trapping

A

asthma

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13
Q

Increase in smooth muscle mass and tone

Lumen is narrow

A

asthma

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14
Q

acute infection or exposure from chemical; increased inflammation of smooth muscle; more narrowing of lumen

A

status asthmaticus

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15
Q

_____ exacerbations lead to hyperinflation

A

asthma

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16
Q

_______Can Detect Asthma In People Who Are Not Acutely Having Bronchospasm

A

bronchoprovocation

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17
Q

how to provoke asthma attack

A

methacholine/histamine

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18
Q

Increase the tone in the bronchi are activation of Ach (cholinergic) binding M3(Gq)—-Ca2+) calcium is released in the airway smooth muscles and causes ______

A

vasoconstriction

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19
Q

Increase in smooth muscle—–increases tone at baseline and reactivity to things that cause vasoconstriction (triggers); more mucus (blue)

A

remodeling of airway

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20
Q

Combination of genetics, environment (how clean or dirty it was growing up), obesity, dysregulated immunity

A

people who get asthma

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21
Q

excess Th2 activity (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) leads to what 3 things

A

atopy
allergies
asthma

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22
Q

this type of asthma mediated by IL-4, IL-5, IL-13

A

allergic eosinophilic asthma

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23
Q

____Asthma Is Characterized by Childhood Asthma, Atopy, and Hay Fever

A

allergic eosinophilic

24
Q

cytokine that leads to increased IgE

A

IL-4

25
Q

cytokine that activates eosinophils

A

IL-5

26
Q

cytokine that activates mast cells

A

IL-9

27
Q

Characterized by Elevated IgE Levels Due To IL-4 Released from T cells

A

allergic eosinophilic asthma

28
Q

_____ asthma is mediated by IL-5 and IL-13 from innate lymphoid cells

A

non-allergic eosinophilic asthma

29
Q

____ asthma Not Associated With Increased IgE Because IL-4 Is Not Released

A

non-allergic eosinophilic asthma

30
Q

____ asthma Tends to Be Adult Onset and Can Have Chronic Rhinosinusitis

A

non-allergic eosinophilic asthma

31
Q

____ asthma is Thought To Be Mediated by IL-17A

A

non-eosinophilic asthma

32
Q

more neutrophils seen in this asthma type

A

non-eosinophilic asthma

33
Q

_____asthma Tends to Be Adult-Onset, Steroid-Resistant, and Severe

A

non-eosinophilic asthma

34
Q

____ are more potent against eosinophils, not neutrophils

A

steroids

35
Q

Non-invasive Methods To Measure Airway Inflammation

A

sputum eosinophils
exhaled NO

36
Q

Symptoms:
Night time awakening
Missing school/work
Use of FABA
Engage in normal activities
Quality of Life
Lung function:
Spirometry
Peak flow

A

assessment of impairment

37
Q

Previous intubations
Previous hospital/ED visits (> 2 per year)
Frequency of exacerbations
Presence of severe/fixed airflow limitation

A

assessment of risk

38
Q

Sx’s
Night time awakening
How often using beta agonist
How often does it interfere with normal activities

FEV1 good predictor

A

to determine asthma severity

39
Q

3 main aspects of asthma:

A

bronchoconstriction
inflammation
airway remodeling

40
Q

increase in airway smooth muscle tone

A

bronchoconstriction

41
Q

increase in eosinophils or neutrophils can cause this

A

inflammation

42
Q

smooth muscle hypertrophy; mucus hypersecretion can cause this

A

airway remodeling

43
Q

Reverse bronchoconstriction
Decrease airway inflammation
Prevent mast cell destabilization

A

Rx asthma

44
Q

inhaled corticosteroids
leukotriene inhibitors
long acting beta agonists

A

long term control of asthma

45
Q

Short/fast acting beta agonists
Anti-cholinergics
Oral corticosteroids

A

acute medications for asthma

46
Q

increase cAMP, inhibits Ca2+ release, smooth muscle relaxation (reverses bronchoconstriction)

A

beta-2 agonists

47
Q

associated with airflow obstruction that should reverse w/ beta agonist treatment (seen on PFTs)

A

asthma

48
Q

dont add long acting beta agonist to treat asthma unless they are already on what

A

corticosteroids

49
Q

main goal to treat asthma

A

improve FEV1 (lung function)

50
Q

Intermittent
Reversible (usually)
Exacerbation with methacholine
Normal to increased DLCO

A

asthma

51
Q

Reduce airway smooth muscle tone
Decrease edema
Reduce precipitating factors

A

to control asthma

52
Q

fast-acting beta agonists used for what classification of asthma

A

mild intermittent

53
Q

low dose inhaled corticosteroids + fast-acting beta agonsit used for what classification of asthma

A

mild persistent

54
Q

medium dose inhaled corticosteroids

A

moderate persistent

55
Q

higher dose inhaled corticosteroids
long acting beta agonist
leukotriene antagonist for what classification of asthma

A

severe persistent

RES Biweekly 1 (11 decks)

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