Savarese chapter 9 (cranial)

Question 1

The primary respiratory mechanism =

Answer 1

CNS + CSF + Dural Membranes + Cranial Bones + Sacrum

Question 2

Who made up cranial?

Answer 2

Sutherland

Question 3

Cranial Rhythmic Impulse

Answer 3

10-14 cycles per minute

Question 4

Factors that will decrease the CRI

Answer 4

• Stress (emotional or physical)
• Depression
• Chronic fatigue
• Chronic infections

Question 5

Factors that will increase the CRI

Answer 5

• Vigorous physical exercise
• Systemic fever
• Cranial OMT

Question 6

Dural attachments

Answer 6

Foramen magnum
C2
C3
S2

Question 7

Reciprocal Tension Membrane

Answer 7

The inelastic rope/meninges

Question 8

Craniosacral Flexion

Answer 8

Midline bones flex
Sacral base posterior (counternutation)
Decreased AP diameter
External rotation of the paired bones

Question 9

Craniosacral Extension

Answer 9

Midline bones extend
Sacral base anterior (nutation)
Increased AP diameter
Internal rotation of the paired bones

Question 10

Torsion

Answer 10

1 AP axis
The sphenoid & occiput rotate in opposite directions
Named for the superior GWS

Question 11

Sidebending-Rotation

Answer 11

The sphenoid & occiput rotate in the same direction around 1 AP axis
The sphenoid & occiput rotate in opposite direction about 2 vertical axes
Named for the side of convexity (side that widens/bones get further apart)

Question 12

Vertical Strain

Answer 12

The sphenoid & occiput rotate in the same direction about 2 parallel transverse axes
Named for the direction of sphenoid movement.

Question 13

Lateral Strain

Answer 13

“parallelogram head”
The sphenoid & occiput rotate in the same direction about 2 parallel vertical axes.
Named for the deviation of the base of the sphenoid

Question 14

SBS compression

Answer 14

Sphenoid & occiput have been pushed together

Question 15

Midline Bones

Answer 15

Sphenoid
Occiput
Sacrum
Ethmoid
Vomer

Question 16

CN I exits the skull via the

Answer 16

Cribiform plate

Question 17

CN II exits the skull via the

Answer 17

Optic canal

Question 18

CN III exits the skull via the

Answer 18

Superior Orbital Fissure

Question 19

CN IV exits the skull via the

Answer 19

Superior Orbital Fissure

Question 20

CN V1 exits the skull via the

Answer 20

Superior Orbital Fissure

Question 21

CN V2 exits the skull via the

Answer 21

Foramen Rotundum

Question 22

CN V3 exits the skull via the

Answer 22

Foramen Ovale

Question 23

CN VI exits the skull via the

Answer 23

Superior Orbital Fissure

Question 24

CN VII exits the skull via the

Answer 24

Internal acoustic meatus, then the stylomastoid foramen

Question 25

CN VIII exits the skull via the

Answer 25

Internal Acoustic Meatus

Question 26

CN IX exits the skull via the

Answer 26

Jugular Foramen

Question 27

CN X exits the skull via the

Answer 27

Jugular Foramen

Question 28

CN XI enters the skull via the

Answer 28

Foramen Magnum, then exits via the jugular foramen

Question 29

CN XII exits the skull via the

Answer 29

Hypoglossal canal

Question 30

The cribiform plate can be altered by SD of the

Answer 30

Sphenoid Frontal bone Ethmoid

Question 31

The optic canal can be altered by SD of the

Answer 31

Sphenoid | Occiput

Question 32

The superior orbital fissure can be altered by SD of the

Answer 32

Sphenoid | Temporal bone

Question 33

The foramen rotundum can be altered by SD of the

Answer 33

Sphenoid Temporal bone Maxillae Mandible

Question 34

The foramen ovale can be altered by SD of the

Answer 34

Sphenoid

Question 35

The stylomastoid foramen can be altered by SD of the

Answer 35

Sphenoid Temporal Bone Occiput

Question 36

The jugular foramen can be altered by SD of the

Answer 36

Temporal Bone | Occiput

Question 37

The hypoglossal canal can be altered by SD of the

Answer 37

Temporal Bone | Occiput

Question 38

Vagal SD can be due to the

Answer 38

OA AA C2

Question 39

Dysfunction of the temporal bone can cause

Answer 39

Tinnitus, vertigo, hearing loss, or Bell's Palsy

Question 40

Poor suckling in a newborn is most likely due to

Answer 40

Occipital condylar compression of CN XII, but can also be due to dysfunction of CN IX, or X

Question 41

This treatment increases the CRI

Answer 41

CV4

Question 42

Placement of fingers for the vault hold

Answer 42

Index- GWS Middle- Temporal bone in front of the ear Ring- Mastoid region of the temporal bone Little- Squamous portion of the occiput

Question 43

Absolute contraindications to cranial treatment

Answer 43

- Acute intracranial bleed - Increased intracranial pressure - Skull fracture

Question 44

Relative contraindications to cranial treatment

Answer 44

- Patients with known history of seizures or dystonia | - Traumatic brain injury

Question 45

Bell's Palsy that includes the forehead

Answer 45

Lower Motor Neuron problem

Question 46

Bell's Palsy that spares the forehead

Answer 46

Upper Motor Neuron problem

Question 47

Christa galli

Answer 47

The most anterior and superior dural attachment

Question 48

Strabismus

Answer 48

Often due to impingement of CN VI by the petrosphenoidal ligament

Question 49

Order for the venous sinus drainage technique

Answer 49

``` Transverse sinus Confluence of sinuses Occipital sinus Superior sagittal sinus Metopic suture ```