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PHA 051 - MEDICINAL ORG. CHEMISTRY > SAS 6 > Flashcards

SAS 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 3 polyenes antibiotic?

A

Amphotericin B, Natamycin, Nystatin

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2
Q

extracted from streptomyces noursei

A

Nystatin

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3
Q

extracted from streptomyces natalensis

A

Natamycin

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4
Q

extracted from streptomyces nodosus

A

Amphotericin B

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5
Q

what is the active constituent of flucytosine?

A

5-fluorouracil

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6
Q

what is fluorouracil can act on?

A

RNA AND DNA

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7
Q

this is administered with amphotericin B to prevent resistance?

A

Flucytosine

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8
Q

what are the 3 phenols under antifungal?

A

Ciclopirox Olamine - CLPO
Clioquinol - Clioqui
Haloprogin

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9
Q

PHENOL: agent of choice in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis, tinea corporis….

A

Ciclopirox olamine

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10
Q

PHENOL: the second line of choice for the treatment of onychomycosis

A

Ciclopirox olamine

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11
Q

other words of clioquinol?

A

Vioform

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12
Q

Vioform is best for?

A

Jock itch and athlete’s foot

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13
Q

cure rates is high but expensive

A

Haloprogin

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14
Q

From caprylic acid

A

Sodium caprylate

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15
Q

this requires the use keratolytic agent

A

Benzoic acid

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16
Q

what is the old but famous formulation of benzoic acid?

A

Whitfield’s ointment
6% benzoic acid
6% salicylic acid

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17
Q

is one of the better fatty acids for use as a fungicide although low cure rates

A

Undecylenic acid

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18
Q

is used as a fungicide particularly on adhesive tape

A

Zinc propionate

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19
Q

a mitotic spindle poison

A

Griseofulvin

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20
Q

INHIBITS SQUALENE EPOXIDASE that is for ergosterol synthesis

A

Allylamines

21
Q

ALLYLAMINES: 1% conc. of cream and gel for topical-related fungal infections

A

Naftifine

22
Q

ALLYLAMINES: has not been approved in the US for oral administration

A

Terbinafine

23
Q

ALLYLAMINES: 1% in creams, powders, aerosols, gels, and solutions for topical-related fungal infection.

A

Tolnaftate

24
Q

inhibits Ianosterol 14-demethylase

A

Azole antifungals agent

25
Q

More effective against Torulopsis glabrata than other azoles

A

Tioconazole

26
Q

has an adverse effects of hepatoxicity and problems with sex hormones

A

Ketoconazole

27
Q

an important substitution of ketoconazole

A

Itraconazole

28
Q

why itraconazole is better substituent than the ketoconazole?

A

more effective and none ketoconazole’s adverse effects

29
Q

contains two triazole moieties and has an exception of being soluble in water

A

Fluconazole

30
Q

Approved for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis and refractory infections Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp

A

Fluconazole

31
Q

a class of antifungal that targets fungal cell wall

A

Echinocandins

32
Q

an antifungal agent that is non-toxic and non-irritant

A

Propionic acid

33
Q

prepared from caprylic acid

A

Sodium caprylate

34
Q

adhesive type antifungal agent

A

Zinc propionate

35
Q

obtained from distillation of castor oil

A

10-undenoic acid

36
Q

its efficacy is from the release of acetic acid

A

Triacetin

37
Q

poor antifungal agent

A

keratolytics

38
Q

beside athletes foot and jock’s itch what does clioquinol can treat?

A

Trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis

39
Q

what is the drug in flucytosine in RNA?

A

Fluororibonucleotide triphosphate

40
Q

what is the drug in flucytosine in DNA?

A

5-Fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate

41
Q

a 26 membered ring in polyenes

A

Natamycin (streptomyces natalensis)

42
Q

what does inhibition of squalene oxidase does to do a fungi cell?

A

interruption in the biosynthesis of ergosterol

43
Q

what are the imidazoles

A

BECTOMKS

Butoconazole
Econazole
Clotrimazole
TIOCONAZOLE
Oxiconazole
Miconazole
Ketoconazole
Sulconazole

44
Q

what are the triazoles

A

VFPIT

Voriconazole
Fluconazole
Posaconazole
Itraconazole
TERCONAZOLE

45
Q

for patients 13 years and above

A

Posaconazole

46
Q

treatment of burns

A

Nitrofurazone

47
Q

treatment of UTI caused by susceptible strains of E. coli

A

Nitrofurantoin

48
Q

inhibits squalene epoxidase

A

Allylamines (naftifine, tolnaftate, terbinafine)

PHA 051 - MEDICINAL ORG. CHEMISTRY (13 decks)

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