SAS#4 Flashcards
Tell us what is right and wrong good and evil
Imply a preference to correct human behavior
Attempt to be constructive not destructive
VALUES
Awareness of the limits of one’s own ethical insights
ETHICAL HUMILITY
Willingness to assess fairly ideas beliefs and viewpoints differing from your own
ETHICAL COURAGE
Willingness to attempt to understand the opinions of others and try to see the issue from their position
ETHICAL EMPATHY
To hold one’s own beliefs and opinions to the same standard of proof and evidence that we require for the opinions of others
ETHICAL FAIR MINDEDNESS
Judge lightness or wrongness of decisions based on outcomes or predicted outcomes
The right thing to do is the good thing to do
TELEOLOGICAL (CONSEQUENCE ORIENTED) THEORIES
father of utlitarianism
JEREMY BENTHAM 1748 1832
JOHN STUART 1806 1873
The good resides in promotion of happiness are greatest net increase of pleasure over pain
Happiness as higher order pleasures
UTILITARIANISM
Intellect, aesthetic and social enjoyments are defined by
STUART MILL
Decision based on possible alternatives for actions
Weighing each to amount of pleasure or utility it provides
Selecting course of action that maximizes pleasure
ACT UTILITARIANISM
Individual not allowed to increase his share of happiness at the expense of others
one ought to act to produce greatest balance of happiness over unhappiness, everyone considered
ACT UTILITARIANISM
Action deemed to be right if it conforms to a rule validate with a principle of utility
RULE UTILITARIANISM
Rule brings about positive results when generalized to variety of situations
PRINCIPLE OF UTILITY
Basic rightness or wrongness of act depends on its intrinsic nature rather than on situation or consequences
act right or wrong it could not be both
DUTY ORIENTED THEORIES
Morality derived from rationality not from experience
IMMANUEL KANT (1724-1804)
