Sampling Methods Flashcards
What is a sample
A small section of the larger population which is ideally representative
How does sampling work
1.Target population
- whole population that is relevant to the research u want to make generalisation about
2.Sampling frame
- a list of all members of the population u are studying
3.Sampling method
- techniques used to select indivuals
What theory favours representative sampling methods
Positivist
- use sample that is representative so that they can generalise their findings
Types of representative sampling methods
- simple random sampling
- systematic sampling
- stratified random
- quota
Simple random sampling
Random selection of ptp from a sampling frame by chance
Eg computer generated
Systematic sampling
Use a random system to select your sample at regular intervals
Eg wilmotts and young used every 36th name of a electronic register
Stratified random sampling
Divide sampling frame into subgroups eg gender and randomly select them according to proportions of population
Eg crime survey for England and Wales - age gender religion
Quota sampling
Stratified sample from sub group however it’s not random, you find specific people u need
Eg market researcher stands on the street looking to fill the quota
What theory favour non representative sampling
Interpretivists
- may not be looking to generalise
Type of non representative sampling
- snowball sampling
- opportunity sampling
Types of opportunity sampling
Volunteer and purposive
Snowball sampling
- researcher uses a gatekeeper in the target population who then puts the researcher in touch with more people
Opportunity sampling
Researcher uses a group that readily available at their convenience
Volunteer
Ppts volunteer and chooses to take part
Purposive sampling
Researcher find ppl relevant to purpose of study
