Samplex 2017 Flashcards
Smallest living cell?
a. Virus
b. Bacteria
c. Fungi
d. Protozoan
B
Nuclear region of bacteria
a. Nucleus
b. Mesosomes
c. Nucleoid
d. Nuclear membrane
C
What type of microorganism has only molecular oxygen as the final electron acceptor?
a. Obligate aerobe
b. Obligate anaerobe
c. Strictly anaerobe
d. Facultative anaerobe
A
Bacteria that grows as temperature as high as 500 C to 550 C
a. Psychotrophs
b. Thermotrophs
c. Thermophiles
d. Psychrophiles
C
Primary used stain for Gram stain
a. Crystal violet
b. Lugol’s iodine
c. Carbofuschin
d. Safranin
A
If the culture of Staphylococcus were prepared several days ago, what would be the appearance in Gram’s stain?
a. Purple
b. Light purple
c. Pink
d. Rainbow
C
What stage of growth is there slow loss of cells through death that is just balanced by the formation of new through growth and division?
a. Decline
b. Lag
c. Maximal stationary
d. Exponential
C
Which layer of the endospores outer covering/coat is the germ cell layer?
a. Exosporium
b. Thick Cortex
c. Spore membrane
d. Inner core
C
Which statement best describes fimbriae?
a. Most Gram positive bacteria have a set of fimbriae
b. Also known as “common pili”
c. Larger than flagella
d. Facilitates transfer of genetic material
B
Which of the following is true about endotoxin?
a. Commonly referred to as lipopolysaccharide
b. Mostly produced by Gram positive bacteria
c. Staphylococcus aureus produces it
d. Are heat labile compared to heat stable exotoxins
A
Some bacteria have protein thread-like appendage called flagella. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. Flagella is found exclusively in Gram negative bacteria.
b. The flagella is affixed to the bacteria by a basal body.
c. The flagella is composed of repeating polysaccharide units called flagellin.
d. The bacteria and its flagellin are seen in Gram stain.
B
One of the distinguishing features of prokaryotes is its ability to exhange genetic information. Which of the following aids the transfer?
a. Cell wall
b. Surface glycoprotein
c. Adherins
d. Plasmid
D
The process of passing the DNA (from) one bacterium to another in a bacteriophage and incorporated into the recipient’s DNA is
a. Transduction
b. Conjugation
c. Transformation
d. Transcription
A
Which of the following regarding bacteria DNA is correct?
a. It contains histone proteins
b. It is only single-stranded
c. It is a single circular loop
d. Bacteria only has 4 chromosomes
C
Cluster of polar flagella
a. Amphitrichous
b. Monotrichous
c. Peritrichous
d. Lophotrichous
D
Bacterial cell wall are composed of peptidoglycan. What is the other name of this compound?
a. N-acetyl muramic acid
b. N-acetyl glucosamine
c. Murein mucopeptide
d. Mesodiaminopimetic acid
C
What is periplasm?
a. Area between outer and inner cell membranes in Gram positive bacteria
b. Area between outer and inner cell membranes in Gram negative bacteria
c. Area outside the cell membrane exposed to environmental conditions
d. Area within the plasma membrane
B
In the growth curve, which is associated with the lag phase?
a. Period of initial adjustment
b. Transitional period
c. Generation time
d. Period of no activity
A
Who proposed the 5-kingdom classification?
a. Koch
b. Whittaker
c. Jenner
d. Pasteur
B
Which of the following is absent in Gram positive bacterium?
a. Cytoplasm
b. Lipopolysaccharide
c. Phospholipid bilayer
d. Penicillin binding protein
B
The bacteria contain pores to alter the passage of nutrients into the cell. Where are the porins located?
a. Outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria
b. Thick peptidoglycan layer of Gram positive bacteria
c. Plasma membrane of bacterium
d. Nuclear area of bacterium
B
Microorganisms have characteristics that differentiate them. Which is correct?
a. DNA and RNA are both in virus
b. Fungi and bacteria have peptidoglycan in the cell wall
c. Bacteria and fungi undergo binary fission
d. Virus has independent metabolism activity
C
Bacterial cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer. Which statement is true?
a. Basic structure of cell membrane contains proteins usually sterols
b. Membrane has roles in synthetic, secretory, electron transport processes
c. Cell membrane is not functional comparable to many eukaryotic organelle
d. Cell membrane of Gram positive and Gram negative are different in composition
B
Enzyme used by aerobic bacteria to break down toxic forms of oxygen?
a. Coagulase
b. Peroxidase
c. Hyaluronidase
B
Which of the following organisms are associated with pili?
a. Virus
b. Fungi
c. Gram positive bacteria
d. Gram negative bacteria
D
How are fungi different from bacteria?
a. Fungi are prokaryotic with true nucleus, 80s ribosomes, mitochondria and ER.
b. Bacteria are prokaryotes, no true nucleus, 70s ribosomes, and no ER.
c. Both fungi and bacteria contain cell wall and cell membrane contain sterols.
d. Fungi are eukaryotic with true nucleus and 50s and 30s ribosomes.
B
Difference between mold and yeast?
a. Parasitic phase is mold phase.
b. Yeast are single-celled and reproduce by budding.
c. Both have pseudohyphase and blastoconidia.
d. Molds are filamentous and grow by branching pseudohyphae.
B
Sabouraud’s dextrose agar is used to culture fungi because
a. Low pH does not allow bacteria to grow
b. High dextrose does not allow bacteria to grow
A
Which of the following situations that allow fungal microogranisms to be introduced into the host would not result in dermatophyte infection?
a. Playing with cat
b. Playing in soil
c. Inhailing conidia
d. Walking on soil
e. Sharing a towel
C