Sample Questions 1 Flashcards
Applied microbiology deals with problems in
A. Medicine.
B. Agriculture.
C. Industry.
D. All of the above.
D. All of the above.
The greatest source of biomass on earth comes from the
A. Microorganisms.
B. Plants.
C. Animals.
D. Plants and animals together.
A. Microorganisms.
Permanent changes in cellular characteristics are the result of
A. Chemical signaling.
B. Reproductive initiative.
C. Evolution.
D. None of the above.
C. Evolution.
Catalysts involved in the acceleration of the rate of chemical reactions are called
A. Catalytic converters.
B. Growth agents.
C. Evolutionary molecules.
D. Enzymes.
D. Enzymes.
The presence of membrane-enclosed organelles is a characteristic of
A. Prokaryotic Cells
B. Eukaryotic Cells
C. All cells
D. Viruses.
B. Eukaryotic Cells
Based on our present understanding, which statement is probably true?
A. Bacteria and Archaea diverged from a Eukarya ancestor.
B. Bacteria and Eukarya evolved from an Archaea ancestor.
C. Bacteria and Eukarya evolved from one line; Archaea had a totally
different ancestor.
D. Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya all diverged from a common universal
ancestor.
D. Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya all diverged from a common universal
ancestor.
Disease-causing prokaryotes are found exclusively among the
A. Archaea.
B. Bacteria.
C. Fungi.
D. Viruses.
B. Bacteria.
Organisms most likely to be found in extreme environments are
A. Archaea.
B. Bacteria.
G Fungi.
D. Viruses.
A. Archaea.
________ is used to decrease the possibility of ________.
A. Sterilization / contamination.
B. Aseptic technique / sterilization.
C. Sterilization / aseptic technique.
D. Aseptic technique / contamination.
D. Aseptic technique / contamination.
The ultimate downfall of the theory of spontaneous generation was the
result of work by
A. Pasteur.
B. Koch.
C. Hooke.
D. Leeuwenhoek.
A. Pasteur.
Hemolithotrophy involves the
A. Oxidation of organic compounds.
B. Oxidation of inorganic compounds.
C. Reduction of organic compounds.
D. Metabolic autotrophy.
B. Oxidation of inorganic compounds.
Advances in immunology and medical microbiology are, most specifically,
practical extensions of the work of
A. Winogradsky.
B. Leeuwenhoek.
C. Lister
D. Koch.
D. Koch.
Viruses that attack bacteria are known as
A. Bacterial consumers.
B. Bacteriophages.
C. Microphages.
D. Viroids.
B. Bacteriophages.
Which of the following is not true about protozoa?
A) They have rigid cell walls.
B) They are classified by their method of locomotion.
C) All are unicellular.
D) All have complex cells.
E) All are eukaryotic.
A) They have rigid cell walls.
Which of the following is true about viruses?
A) They are not composed of cells.
B) They cannot metabolize nutrients.
C) They cannot reproduce themselves.
D) They have DNA or RNA.
E) All of the above.
E) All of the above.
Which of the following is probably true about all the experiments that proved spontaneous generation?
A) Air was lacking.
B) Too much heat was applied.
C) The food source could not support life.
D) Microorganisms were already present.
E) All of the above.
D) Microorganisms were already present.
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) Hooke — cell theory
B) van Leeuwenhoek — germ theory
C) Lister — aseptic surgery
D) Pasteur — fermentation
E) None of the above
B) van Leeuwenhoek — germ theory
Who observed cells in plant material?
A) van Leeuwenhoek
B) Hooke
C) Pasteur
D) Koch
E) None of the above
B) Hooke
Who was the first to observe microorganisms with a microscope?
A) van Leeuwenhoek
B) Hooke
C) Pasteur
D) Koch
E) None of the above
A) van Leeuwenhoek
Which of the following requirements was necessary for Pasteur to disprove spontaneous generation?
A) Providing a food source that would support growth
B) Supplying air
C) Keeping microorganisms out
D) Removing microorganisms that were initially present
E) All of the above
E) All of the above
Archaea differ from eubacteria because archaea
A) Lack peptidoglycan.
B) Lack nuclei.
C) Use organic compounds for food.
D) Reproduce by binary fission.
E) None of the above.
A) Lack peptidoglycan.
What structure does light pass through after leaving the condenser in a compound light microscope?
A) Ocular lens
B) Objective lens
C) Specimen
D) Illuminator
C) Specimen
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) Gram-negative bacteria — negative stain
B) Iodine — mordant
C) Alcohol — acetone-decolorizer
D) Acid-alcohol — decolorizer
E) None of the above
A) Gram-negative bacteria — negative stain
Place the steps of the Gram stain in the correct order:
1-Alcohol-acetone;
2-Crystal violet;
3-Safranin;
4-Iodine.
A) 1-2-3-4
B) 2-1-4-3
C) 2-4-1-3
D) 4-3-2-1
E) 1-3-2-4
C) 2-4-1-3
The purpose of a mordant in the Gram stain is
A) To remove the simple stain.
B) To make the bacterial cells larger.
C) To make the flagella visible.
D) To prevent the crystal violet from leaving the cells.
E) None of the above.
D) To prevent the crystal violet from leaving the cells.
Simple staining is often necessary to improve contrast in this microscope.
A) Compound light microscope
B) Phase-contrast microscope
C) Darkfield microscope
D) Fluorescence microscope
E) Electron microscope
E) Electron microscope
This microscope is used to see internal structures of cells in a natural state.
A) Compound light microscope
B) Phase-contrast microscope
C) Darkfield microscope
D) Fluorescence microscope
E) Electron microscope
B) Phase-contrast microscope
This microscope uses an ultraviolet light source.
A) Compound light microscope
B) Phase-contrast microscope
C) Darkfield microscope
D) Fluorescence microscope
E) Electron microscope
D) Fluorescence microscope
This microscope produces an image of a light cell against a dark background; internal structures are not visible.
A) Compound light microscope
B) Phase-contrast microscope
C) Darkfield microscope
D) Fluorescence microscope
E) Electron microscope
C) Darkfield microscope
This microscope takes advantage of differences in the refractive indexes of cell structures.
A) Compound light microscope
B) Phase-contrast microscope
C) Darkfield microscope
D) Fluorescence microscope
E) Electron microscope
B) Phase-contrast microscope
Bdellovibrio are unusual bacteria because they
A) Phagocytize other bacteria.
B) Live inside another bacterium as a parasite.
C) Kill nearby bacteria.
D) Enter and digest other bacteria.
E) Release their cellular contents to the outside.
D) Enter and digest other bacteria.
True or False. Most microorganisms are pathogenic.
False
True or False. Prokaryotic chromosomes are generally linear
False
True or False. Endosymbiosis is an explanation for the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells.
True
The four macromolecules common to all cells are: 1,2,3 and 4.
In any order. Protein, Lipid, Carbohydrate, Nucleic Acid
Robert Koch received the 1905 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for…
His work with tuberculosis bacterium
An organism of the genus Staphylococcus will be ______, while an organism of the genus Spirochaeta will be _______.
A. Spherical / rod-shaped
B. Rod-shaped / coiled
C. Spherical / coiled
D. Coiled / spherical
C. Spherical / coiled
In general, eukaryotic cells are
A. Larger than prokaryotic cells.
B. Smaller than prokaryotic cells.
C. About the same size as prokaryotic cells.
D. Not physiologically comparable to prokaryotic cells and therefore
eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell sizes should not be compared either.
A. Larger than prokaryotic cells.
The addition of which of the following to a culture medium will neutralize acids?
A) Buffer
B) Sugars
C) pH
D) Heat
E) Carbon
A) Buffer
The term facultative anaerobe refers to an organism that
A) Doesn’t use oxygen but tolerates it.
B) Is killed by oxygen.
C) Uses oxygen or grows without oxygen.
D) Requires less oxygen than is present in air.
E) Prefers to grow without oxygen.
C) Uses oxygen or grows without oxygen.
