Salivation Flashcards
What are the 3 cranial nerves we need to know
V- Trigeminal
VII- Facial
IX- Glossopharyngeal
What are the two types of the ganglion?
Sensory ganglion like the V ganglion
Autonomic ganglion
What are the differences between the sensory and autonomic ganglion
Information travels from the periphary to the Central nervous system in a sensory ganglion
Information travels from the CNS to the periphery in a autonomic ganglion
What are the 3 salivary glands on the side of the head called?
The parotid
The submandibular
The sublingual
Where is the parotid gland located?
Just in front of the ear
It is wrapped around the posterior border of the rams of the mandible
Has a single duct that runs superficial to the masseter muscle before turning medial to pierce the buccinator muscle
Where does the parotid gland open into?
The vestibule of the mouth opposite the crown of the second upper molar
Describe the submandibular gland and where it is found
It is a horse shapes gland that has intra oral and extra oral parts
The extra oral part can be felt just below the lateral aspect of the body of the mandible
The intra oral part locates inferior to the mucosa of the floor of the mouth
How many ducts does the submandibular gland have?
One singular duct that opens at the sub lingual papillae
Where is the papilla locates
In the floor of the mouth just behind the lower incisor
There are right and left papillae, which receive the ducts of the right and left submandibular glands respectively.
Describe the sublingual gland and where it is found
It is the smallest of the 3 main glands
It is locates between the tongue and the mandible
It opens as a series of ductile along the sub lingual fold
Which nervous system branch control the secretion of saliva from the salivary glands
Parasympathetic nervous system (which itself is part of the autonomic nervous system).
What do nerves in the autonomic nervous system have on them?
Swellings called ganglia
Where are ganglia found?
There are found where nerve fibres join other nerve fibres
The fibres coming into a ganglion (‘pre- ganglionic’ fibres) stop in the ganglion by making a functional connections (synapses) with the cell bodies of the nerve fibres that leave the ganglion (‘post-ganglionic’ fibres)
Why do nerve fibres have a ganglion?
As it has to accommodate all the cell bodies of the post ganglionic fibres
Where do post ganglionic fibres go after leaving the autonomic ganglion?
To the gland that they are going to the stimuli
Where does the parotid gland receive its secretomotor innervation from?
The ninth cranial nerve: glossopharyngeal nerve
Where does the glossopharyngeal nerve arise from?
The brain and leaves the cranial cavity through a hole in the base of the skull (the jugular foramen)
Then it gives off a small branch called the tympanic branch which goes back into the skull
Where does the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal travel to?
Travels through the bone and passes the middle ear cavity.
After leaving the middle ear cavity the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve changes its name to the lesser petrosal nerve
Where does the lesser petrosal nerve travel to?
Travel through the temporal bone before entering the cranial cavity
Then it runs under the brain before turning downwards and leaving the skull through an oval shaped opening called the Foramen oval
Then the nerve enters the otic ganglion
How do post ganglionic fibres get to the parotid gland?
They do this by joining a branch of the mandibular nerve called the auriculotemporal nerve which carries the post ganglionic fibres to the parotid gland
Where do the sub mandibular and sub lingual glands get their secretomotor supply from?
The facia nerve
cranial nerve VII
How does the facial nerve travel to the submandibular gland?
The facial nerve leaves the brain and travels through the temporal bone on its way out of the skull
Whilst in the temporal bone the nerve branches through the middle ear cavity (this branch is called the chorda tympani)
The CT carries the pre ganglionic secretomotor fibres of the facial nerve out of the skull into the infra-temporal fossa
CT then joins the lingual nerve (V3 branch of the mandibular nerve)
Lingual nerve carries the pre ganglionic fibres to the submandibular ganglion
The pre-ganglionic fibres then synapse with the post-ganglionic fibres inside the submandibular ganglion.
The post-ganglionic fibres then leave the submandibular ganglion and travel to the submandibular and sublingual glands
What is found in the infra-temporal fossa?
The pterygoid muscles
Which fibres on the temporalis elevate the mandible?
The vertical fibres
Which fibres on the temporalis muscle retract the mandible?
The horizontal fibres
Where foes the glossopharyngeal nerve leave the cranium from?
The jugular foramen
Where does the petrosal nerve leave the skull from?
The foramen oval
Briefly outline the secretomotor nerve pathways to the Parotid gland
- Cranial nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal)
- via middle-ear cavity
- then as lesser
- petrosal nerve
- to otic ganglion
- Synapse.
- Post-ganglionic fibres pass to gland in auriculotemporal nerve
Briefly outline the secretomotor nerve pathways to the submandibular and sublingual gland
- Cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)
- via chorda tympani
- pre ganglionic nerve fibres travel into the Infra temporal fossa
- branch into the lingual nerve
- to submandibular ganglion
- Synapse.
- Post-ganglionic fibres pass to the glands directly (sub-mandibular gland) or via lingual nerve (sublingual gland)
