Mastication Flashcards
What are the 4 muscles of mastication
Temporalis
Masseter
Medial pterygoid
Lateral pterygoid
What do all the muscles of mastication act around?
The temporomandibular joint
What disk is at the centre of the temporomandibular joint?
The articular disk
What is the Masseter Muscle attached to?
The zygomatic arch and the Ramus of the mandible
What is the action of the Masseter Muscle
To elevate the mandible for biting
Which nerve supplies the Masseter Muscle?
The mandibular nerve V3
Third division of the trigeminal nerve)
What is the temporalis muscle attached to?
The side of the skull and the coronoid process
What is the action of the temporalis muscle?
To close the mouth by:
- Elevating the mandible using the vertical fibres
- Retracts the mandible using horizontal fibres
Which nerve supplies the temporalis muscle?
The mandibular nerve V3
Third division of the trigeminal nerve)
What is the Medial Pterygoid Muscle attached to?
The lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid
Maxilla
Inner surface of the ramps of the mandible
What is the action of the Medial Pterygoid Muscle
Elevates the mandible
Which nerve supplies the Medial Pterygoid Muscle
The mandibular nerve V3
Third division of the trigeminal nerve)
What is the upper head of the Lateral Pterygoid Muscle attached to?
The upper head is attached to the sphenoid and articular disk of the TMJ
What is the action of the upper head of the Lateral Pterygoid Muscle
Upper head: Controls portions of the articular disk as mouth closes
What is the lower head of the Lateral Pterygoid Muscle attached to?
The lower head is attached to the condylar process of the mandible
What is the action of the lower head of the Lateral Pterygoid Muscle
The lower head pull the mandible anteriorly as mouth opens
Which nerve supplies the Lateral Pterygoid Muscle
The mandibular nerve V3
Third division of the trigeminal nerve)
Is the digastric muscle a muscle of mastication?
NO it does however assist the process
What is the action of the digastric muscle?
Assists in opening the mouth
What is the digastric muscle attached to?
The mastoid process
Hyoid bone
Describe the digastric muscle
It has 2 muscle bellies: the posterior belly which is supplies by the facial nerve
The anterior bell which is supplies by the mylohyoid
What is the mylohyoid?
A branch of the inferior alveolar nerve
Describe the temporalis
It is a flat fan shaped muscle on the lateral side of the skull
What is the origin of the temporalis
Temporal fossa
