salivary glands Flashcards
function of saliva
lubrication, digestive enyzmes, ph buffer, oral hygiene
what type of mucous does the parotid gland produce and what is it
SEROUS
Alpha amylase for starch digestion and water
Factors affecting composition and amount OF SALIVA
Flow rate Circadian rhythm Type and size of gland Duration and type of stimulus Diet Drugs Age Gender
How does the mucosa provide defence
a physical barrier
how do salivary glands provide defence
saliva washes away food particles , bacteria or viruses that are needed for metabolic support
what does whole saliva contain
salivary gland secretions, blood, oral tissues, microorganisms and food remnants
what epithelial cells are saliva glands
acinar cells and ducts
two types of acinar cells and how they stain
serous-Dark stainingNucleus in basal thirdSmall central duct
Secrete water + α amylase
mucous acinus- Pale staining - ‘foamy’Nucleus at base
Large central duct
Secrete mucous (water + glycoproteins)
structure of intercalated ducts
short narrow duct segments with cuboidal cells that connect acini to larger striated ducts
what is primary saliva composed of
nacl rich isotonic plasma
where are the parotid glands
side of face
how is the submandicular duct seperated into lobes
larger superficial robe, smaller deep lobe in floor of mouth
where are minor salivary glands found
Lips inner cheek ( buccal)
xerostomiachi
dry mouth
What do serous acinar cells secrete
Alpha amylase and water
Names of the salivary glands
Parotid gland
Submandibular
Sublingual
Minor glands
Innervation of salivary glands
Submandibular and sublingual are facial nerve
Parotid is glossopharangyeal
What does mucous acinar cells secrete
Mucous water and glycoproteins
3 phases of swallowing
Oral
Pharanygeal
Oesophageal
What happens in the oral phase of swallowing in/voluntary
Voluntary
Mastication
Food is compressed against the roof of the mouth and is pushed to oropharynx by the tongue
What happens in pharanygeal stage of swallowing and is it in/ voluntary
Involuntary
Nasopharynx closes off due to soft palate elevation
Trachea is closed off by epiglottis
Elevation of hyoid bone shortens and widens the pharynx
Pharanygeal peristalsis
What happens in oesophageal phase and is it in/ voluntary
Involuntary
Peristaltic waves by pharanygeal constrictor
Propels food down the Oesophagus then stomach
Characteristics of striated ducts
Microvilli , large sa
Mitochondria l
Hco3- and k+ secreted
Do sublingual glands mainly have serous or mucous acini
Mainly mucous
Names of muscles / groups that are involved in swallowing
Buccinator Suprahyoids Muscles of the palate Muscles of floor of mouth Infrahyoid Pharanygeal constrictor
Factors that affect composition of saliva
Stimulus
Age
Gender
Drugs
Function and histology of intercalated dusts
Connect acini to larger striated discs
Simple cuboidal epithelium
What is receptive relaxation
Smooth muscle in body and fundus relaxes prior to the arrival of food
Stomach volume ⬆️
Via vagus
What are acinar and duct cells responsible for
Acinar volume of saliva secreted
Duct cells for the composition of saliva
Location of the salivary glands
Parotid front and beneath the ear
Submandibular under and deep to the jaw
Sublingual under the front of tongue
Gag reflex
Sensory from cn9 causes the tickling when stimulated
Gagging motor from cn10
