Salivary gland tumor Flashcards
What is sialadenitis?
Inflammation of salivary glands
What is the most common viral cause of sialadenitis?
Mumps
What is the most common bacterial cause of sialadenitis?
Staph aureus
What is cheilitis glandularis?
Inflammation of minor salivary glands on the lower lip
What is a mucocele?
Rupture of a minor salivary gland duct spilling mucus into soft tissue
What typically causes a mucocele?
Local trauma
What is a ranula?
A mucocele in the floor of the mouth
Where is an oral ranula located?
Superior to the mylohyoid muscle
Where is a cervical ranula located?
Below the mylohyoid muscle
What causes a superficial mucocele?
Mucosal inflammation
What conditions are associated with superficial mucoceles?
Xerostomia, lichen planus, or GVHD
What is a salivary duct cyst?
A true cyst caused by blockage of a salivary duct, leading to dilation
What is sialolithiasis?
A calcified structure within the salivary duct system
What is the etiology of sialolithiasis?
Deposition of calcium around a nidus of debris
What is the most common location for sialolithiasis?
Submandibular gland duct
What are the treatments for sialolithiasis?
Can be passed, lithotripsy (shock waves), or surgical removal
What is sialadenosis?
Non-inflammatory, non-neoplastic salivary gland enlargement
Which gland is most often affected by sialadenosis?
Parotid gland
What causes sialadenosis?
Peripheral neuropathy of the autonomic nerve supply
What is the disease process of necrotizing sialometaplasia?
Ischemia, infarction, necrosis, ulcer, sloughing of necrotic tissue, and healing
What are the etiologies of necrotizing sialometaplasia?
Injury, ill-fitting denture, or adjacent tumor
Where is necrotizing sialometaplasia commonly found?
Posterior palate
What is the treatment for necrotizing sialometaplasia?
No treatment needed
What type of disease is Sjogren Syndrome?
Autoimmune disease affecting salivary and lacrimal glands
What are the key features of Sjogren Syndrome?
Keratoconjunctivitis, salivary gland swelling, and Raynaud phenomenon
What are the oral manifestations of Sjogren Syndrome?
Atrophy of dorsal tongue, cervical caries, and candidiasis
How is Sjogren Syndrome diagnosed?
Schirmer tear test, rose Bengal staining, autoantibodies SS-A and SS-B, and labial salivary gland biopsy
How is a labial salivary gland biopsy evaluated in Sjogren’s diagnosis?
By focus score
What constitutes a focus in a labial salivary gland biopsy?
More than 50 mononuclear cells in aggregate
What focus score is diagnostic for Sjogren’s?
Greater than 1 (number of foci in 4 square millimeter area of salivary tissue)
How is Sjogren Syndrome managed?
Xerostomia treatment and topical fluoride
What condition is associated with Sjogren Syndrome?
Lymphoma
What is the most common site for salivary gland tumors?
Parotid
Is there a gender predilection for salivary gland tumors?
Female predilection
What symptom is suggestive of malignancy in salivary gland tumors?
Paresthesia
What is the most common salivary gland neoplasm?
Pleomorphic adenoma
What are the histopathologic features of pleomorphic adenoma?
Well circumscribed and encapsulated
What is the second most common benign parotid tumor?
Warthin tumor
What is a strong association with Warthin tumor?
Smoking
Is there a gender predilection for Warthin tumor?
Male predilection
Which salivary gland tumor is most likely to appear bilaterally?
Warthin tumor
Where does canalicular adenoma occur?
Only in minor salivary glands
Where is canalicular adenoma often found?
Upper lip (75%)
Is canalicular adenoma often multifocal?
Infrequently multifocal
What is the most common malignant salivary neoplasm in adults and children?
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
What is the second most common salivary tumor?
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Where is mucoepidermoid carcinoma often found?
Parotid
What is the second most common malignancy of salivary glands?
Polymorphous adenocarcinoma
Where does polymorphous adenocarcinoma predominantly occur?
Minor glands
Where is adenoid cystic carcinoma commonly found?
50% in minor salivary glands
What symptom is commonly associated with adenoid cystic carcinoma and why?
Pain, due to perineural invasion
What is Acinic Cell Carcinoma?
Cells with serous acinar differentiation
What is Sialoblastoma?
Rare primitive basaloid salivary gland tumor of infancy
