saliva

Question 1

Duct of Parotid Gland

Answer 1

Stenson’s Duct

Question 2

Duct of Submandibular Gland

Answer 2

Wharton’s Duct

Question 3

Major duct of Sublingual Gland

Answer 3

Bartholin’s Duct

Question 4

Minor ducts of Sublingual Gland

Answer 4

Ducts of Rivinus (along sublingual fold)

Question 5

Opening of Parotid Gland

Answer 5

Parotid Papilla

Question 6

Opening of Submandibular Gland

Answer 6

Sublingual caruncle

Question 7

Type of saliva secreted by parotid gland

Answer 7

Secretory end pieces are ALL serous

Question 8

Type of saliva secreted by submandibular gland

Answer 8

Mixed gland, contains serous end pieces & mucous tubules capped with serous demilunes
Serous cells outnumber mucous cells

Question 9

Type of saliva secreted by sublingual gland

Answer 9

Mixed, predominantly mucous cells at end piece

Question 10

Hierarchy of duct system

Answer 10

intercalated duct –> striated duct (intra-lobular & inter-lobular) –> excretory duct

Question 11

what kind of cells are salivary glands derived from?

Answer 11

epithelial cells
(arise from a cord of epithelium growing into underlying connective tissue)

Question 12

Cell surrounding secretory acini

Answer 12

Myoepithelial cells

Question 13

where are minor salivary glands found?

Answer 13

submucosa

Question 14

Give 2 places where minor salivary glands are not found?

Answer 14

Gingiva

Anterior hard palate

Question 15

Are minor salivary gland predominantly mucous/ serous?

Answer 15

Mucous

except lingual serous glands that open into circumvallate papillae & foliate papillae

Question 16

What is the name of secretory end pieces?

Answer 16

Acini

Question 17

What is salivary gland surrounded by?

Answer 17

Connective tissue capsule

Question 18

What does the connective tissue divide the glands into? And what are the boundaries called?

Answer 18

Lobes –> lobules (smaller)

Boundaries: septum

Question 19

Lining of intercalated ducts?

Answer 19

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 20

Lining of striated ducts?

Answer 20

Simple Columnar epithelium

Question 21

Where are excretory ducts located in?

Answer 21

in connective tissue septa between lobules

extralobular & interlobular excretory ducts

Question 22

What is the shape of excretory duct cells?

Answer 22

Typically pseudostratified epithelium with columnar cells

Question 23

What is the space in the middle of a secretory end piece called?

Answer 23

Lumen

Question 24

What are the finger-like extensions between cells from the lumen? What are they for?

Answer 24

Intercellular canaliculi – increase area of luminal surface of cells

Question 25

Are serous cells present in mucous end pieces?

Answer 25

Yes, serous demilunes cover the mucous cells at the end of tubule. Their secretions reach lumen via intercellular canaliculi between mucous cells.

Question 26

Functions of myoepithelial cells

Answer 26

Contract like a muscle -- squeezes acini and aids secretion of saliva accumulated in hollow centre of acinus.

Question 27

shape of serous end piece

Answer 27

spherical

Question 28

shape of mucous end piece

Answer 28

tubular configuration

Question 29

In which type of duct is capillary plexus present in the surrounding tissue?

Answer 29

Striated duct

Question 30

Which duct is enclosed by basal lamina?

Answer 30

striated duct, excretory duct

Question 31

2 main functions of saliva

Answer 31

Protection & Lubrication

Question 32

Is serous saliva mainly responsible for protection/lubrication?

Answer 32

``` protective function (many important constituents dissolved) ```

Question 33

Is mucous saliva mainly responsible for protection/lubrication?

Answer 33

Lubrication

Question 34

Resting pH of oral cavity

Answer 34

6.7-7.4

Question 35

critical pH of enamel

Answer 35

5.5

Question 36

critical pH of dentine`

Answer 36

6.5

Question 37

Main Function of proteins present in saliva

Answer 37

stabilize constituent ions of apatite --> don't precipitate out --> maintain supersaturation of saliva with calcium & phsophate ions

Question 38

Name of graph recording pH level in oral cavity

Answer 38

Stephan Curve

Question 39

Important function of saliva pellicle

Answer 39

Act as diffusion barrier to slow H+ diffusion towards tooth and Ca2+ diffusion away from tooth

Question 40

Where is resting saliva arose from?

Answer 40

60% submandibular glands 20% parotid glands 15% minor gland 5% sublingual glands

Question 41

7 Chemical factors influencing erosive potential of acid

Answer 41

1. pH & buffering capacity of product 2. Type of acid (pKa value) 3. Adhesion of product to dental surface 4. Chelating properties of product 5. Calcium concentration 6. Phosphate concentration 7. Fluoride concentration

Question 42

Result of substituting phosphate ion with carbonate ion in HA crystal

Answer 42

become more soluble -> not ideal

Question 43

Result of substituting calcium ion with magnesium ion in HA crystal

Answer 43

More inert & insoluble

Question 44

Result of substituting hydroxide ion with fluoride ion in HA crystal

Answer 44

More stable