Embryology

Question 1

3 structures that mesoderm divides into

Answer 1

1. Paraxial mesoderm
2. Intermediate mesoderm
3. Lateral mesoderm

Question 2

3 structures in each somite

Answer 2

1. sclerotome: 2 adjacent vertebrae & discs
2. myotome: segmented mass of muscle
3. dermatome: connective tissue of skin overlying somite

Question 3

Innervation of 1st pharyngeal arch and important structures formed

Answer 3

CN V

Muscles of mastication, mandible, maxilla, Meckel’s cartilage

Question 4

Innervation of 2nd pharyngeal arch and important structures formed

Answer 4

CN VII

Muscles of facial expression, part of hyoid bone, styloid

Question 5

Innervation of 3rd pharyngeal arch and important structures formed

Answer 5

CN IX

Stylopharyngeus muscle, greater horn & body of hyoid bone

Question 6

Innervation of 4th & 6th pharyngeal arch and important structures formed

Answer 6

CN X

pharyngeal & laryngeal muscles: swallowing & phonation

Question 7

4 Muscles of mastication

Answer 7

1. Temporalis
2. Masseter
3. Lateral pterygoid
4. Medial pterygoid

Question 8

Innervation of posterior 1/3 of tongue (Sense & Taste)

Answer 8

CN IX

Question 9

Innervation of anterior 2/3 of tongue

Answer 9

Sense: CN V Trigeminal
Taste: CV VII Facial

Question 10

4 Tongue muscles & functions & innervation

Answer 10

1. Genioglossus: depress & potract (CN XII)
2. Hyoglossus: depress & retract (CN XII)
3. Styloglossus: retract & elevate lateral borders (CN XII)
4. Palatoglossus: elevate & depress soft palate (CN X)

Question 11

3 Branches of Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)

Answer 11

1. Ophthalmic
2. Maxillary
3. Mandibular

Question 12

Nerve innervating upper & lower teeth

Answer 12

CN V: Trigeminal - Maxillary & Mandibular branches

Question 13

5 Branhces of Facial Nerve (CN VII)

Answer 13

1. Temporal Branch
2. Zygomatic Branch
3. Buccal Branch
4. Mandibular Branch
5. Cervical Branch