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4. GI Flashcards > Saliva > Flashcards

Saliva Flashcards

1
Q

What is the daily secretion of saliva?

A

800 ml to 1500 ml daily

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2
Q

What does saliva contain?

A

water, mucus, antibodies, enzymes (amylase)

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3
Q

What are the functions of saliva?

A

Lubricant
Taste (by dissolving)
Cephalic digestion
Mouth hygiene

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4
Q

What are the three main salivary glands?

A

 Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

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5
Q

Parotid
Continuous or stimulated?
Serous or mucus?
Supplied by which nerve?

A 
Needs to be stimulated (cephalic digestion)
Main salivary supply when stimulated
Serous secretion via stensons duct
Supplied by 9
7 passes through it
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6
Q

Submandibular
Continuous or stimulated?
Serous or mucus?
Supplied by which nerve?

A

Continuous secretions
Mixed, seroud and mucus secretions via wharton duct
Supplied by 7
Bigger than sublingual

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7
Q

Sublingual
Continuous or stimulated?
Serous or mucus?
Supplied by which nerve?

A 
Continuous 
Smallest
Mucous via wharton duct
Anterior to submandibular
Supplied by 7
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8
Q

What is serous secretion?

A

Alpha amylase for starch disgestion

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9
Q

What is mucous secretion?

A

Mucins for lubrication of mucosal surfaces

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10
Q

What is the pH range for saliva?

A

6.2 - 7.4

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11
Q

What does oral pH need to be maintained at and by what?

A

At about 7.4 (slightly alkaline), achieved by bicarbonate/carbonate buffer system for rapid neutralisation of acid

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12
Q

What are all minor glands?

Except which one?

A

Mucous

Except von ebner (serous)

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13
Q

What are Factors affecting the composition & amount of saliva produced?

A

Flow rate

  • Circadian rhythm (sleep cycle)
  • Type & size of gland
  • Duration and type of stimulus that causes saliva to be produced
  • Diet
  • Drugs
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Time of day
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14
Q

Which glands are continuously active?

A

Submandibular
Sublingual
Minor glands

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15
Q

What does the parasympathetic NS do for saliva stimulation?

A

Saliva stimulated (rest and digest)

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16
Q

What does the sympathetic NS do for saliva stimulation?

A

Inhibits stimulation of saliva (fight/flight)

17
Q

What are 3 salivary dysfunctions?

A

Xerostomia
Obstructive calculi
Inflammation

18
Q

What is xerostomia and what is it caused by?

Most common causes?

A

Dry mouth
Cystic fibrosis & sjorgrens syndrome
Medication and irradation for head and neck cancers

19
Q

What is obstructive calculi?

A

Saliva contains calcium & phosphate ions that form stones

Most common in submandibular gland

20
Q

What is inflammation caused by?

A

Infection

Caused by mumps, swelling of glands

4. GI Flashcards (13 decks)

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