Sailing I

Question 1

How far can you see?

Answer 1

square root height (factor in heigh of boat above water–freeboard– and you)
so if boat 3 feet above and 6 feet=9 feet= 3nm see

Question 2

About how long is the mast relative to LOA?

Answer 2

mast usually about 1.5 times LOA

Question 3

Which is most common sail design?

Answer 3

Sloop (one mast)

Fractional rig if forestay doesn’t attach to top of mast

Question 4

If we have 2 masts what is smaller mast called?

Answer 4

Mizzen

Question 5

2 types of split rigs

Answer 5

Ketch (mizzen forward rudder post)

Yawl (mizzen behind rudder post)

Question 6

2 uses boom vang and when is it most useful

Answer 6

1. boom preventer
2. introduce twist

most useful downwind

Question 7

2 forces pushing boat

Answer 7

center effort (CE)
center lateral resistance (CLE)

Question 8

how to determine CE?

how to determine CLE?

Answer 8

CE: draw line all corners sail to other side: intersection is where CE (also consider jib….ultimately CE nearer main)
CLE: keel

Question 9

For practical purpose who is stronger CLE or CE? what is the typical setup

Answer 9

CLE more forward

CLE usually stronger so pushed boat to wind (weather helm)

Question 10

How to increased weather helm? (5)

Answer 10

tighten main
tighten traveller
heel more (have crew sit leeward)
ease jib sheet (even remove it!) 
have more weight in bow (moves CLR forward)

Question 11

3 sources power for a sail

Answer 11

angle of attack
sail shape
sail twist

Question 12

2 ways to change angle of attack

Answer 12

trim sails

change course

Question 13

How do we sail by jib telltales?

it flops where the issue is

Answer 13

(when dealing with sheets go to where issue is: if inside, pull, if outside let out)

if inside (windward) jib telltale luffing: tighten in jib (or helmsman bears off)
if leeward (outside) telltale flopping, let jib out or helmsman bears up

Question 14

How to heave-to?

Answer 14

• Tack but don’t bring jib over. (backwind the jib)
• Let mainsail out a bit. Then push tiller (leeward) basically toward the mainsail as if you’re going back to irons (or turn steering wheel back to the old tack as if you were going back to irons again)
• Wait for equilibrium to happen

Question 15

How to get out of irons? (2)

Answer 15

1. Backing the jib: back jib in one direction (sheet in jib on starboard side…this will cause bow to turn opposite……this will eventually push boat port, allowing you to fill mainsail….now your jib is just backed and you have to switch sheets)
2. Push out main: push to where you wanna go…..push tiller in same direction…you will start sailing backwards in that direction.

Question 16

Bight

Answer 16

loop in a line

Question 17

Broach

Answer 17

uncontrolled rounding up into wind

Question 18

by the lee

Answer 18

when wind coming from same side of boat as the boom (bad—danger for gybe)

Question 19

1 fathom = how many feet?

Answer 19

6

Question 20

Land Breeze vs Onshore wind?

Answer 20

Land Breeze: comes from land wind (B for beginning)

Onshore Wind: goes to land (W=where you go)

Question 21

Painter

Answer 21

line attached to bow of dinghy