Safety in OR Flashcards
Disinfectant bleach solution ratio
1:10 Bleach solution
Disinfectant alcohol percent
70% isopropyl alcohol
Length of wet time for HIV-1 disinfectant
30s
Length of wet time for HBV disinfectant
10 minutes
Minimum air exchanges requirement
20 air exchanges/hour
Minimum 4 which must be fresh
Air exchange
air derived directly from outside to avoid air contaminated from other parts of hospital
Air inlet near _____ and exhaust near _____
inlet near ceiling
exhaust near ceiling
Humidity should be maintained at ____
50-65%
Most ORs are _______pressure
positive
Regulates purity of cylinders
NGA: pharmocopeia of the US
Regulates storage/transportation of compressed gas
US DOT
Cylinders are inspected every _____
10 years
OSHA recommended exposure level of MMA
100 ppm in 8 hours
Macroshock - pain sensed at
> 5mA (maximal harmless current)
Microshock enters through?
pacing wires, central line
Vfib can be induced with ______
100 microamps
0.1mA
Difference between macroshock and microshock
macro - electricity enters/exits thru skin
micro - electricity directly to myocardium
Goal of X-ray exposure
ALARA - as low as reasonably achievable
Standards for manufacture/delivery of compressed gases
Compressed Gas Association
Publishes standards for use of only nonflammable agents in OR
National Fire Prevention Association (NGA)
Standard for healthcare facilities for pipeline gas sources and electrical supply to OR
NFPA 99
Defines operating room standards
Life Safety Code
Notify FDA if death/injury occurs with equipment
Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990
CDC provides _____ for infection transmission and prevention
recommendations
NOT regulations
1 ppm is how many parts?
1% of 1,000,000 (of means multiply)
10,000 parts
N2O allowable standard
25ppm (8hr time weighted average)
Halogenated agents - allowable standard
2ppm over 1hour
Halogenated agent with N2O (25ppm)- allowable standard
0.5 ppm over 1 hour
Who is in charge of sampling air and how often?
Hospital Biomed q 3-6months
Macroshock first sensed at
1 milliamp
Unable to “let go” (macroshock)
10-20 mA
Loss of consciousness from macroshock
50 mA
Macroshock amount that threatens the heart/respiratory centers
> 6000 mA
Why does microshock require much less current?
Bypasses skins high resistance
Exposure from x-rays is minimal beyond
36 inches
Minimum recommended distance from X-ray source is _____
6 feet
Where is the force of the MRI field greatest?
Center of scanner (“bore”)
as the distance to the bore ______, the force of the field increases ______
decreases, increases exponentially
who should not be in room of MRI?
Pregnant providers, morbidly obese patients (hyperthermia), infants (hypothermia)
effect on capnography in MRI
prolonged upstroke and decreased value
inert gases escape MRI intentionally or unintentionally
Quench
immediate danger of quench gone wrong
asphyxiation/frost bite
What to do if quench occurs and goes wrong
evacuate
