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Fundamentals of MLS > Safety > Flashcards

Safety Flashcards

1
Q

What is syncope and some signs and symptoms?

A 
Fainting, loss of consciousness due to a temporary reduction of blood flow to the brain.
 Signs and symptoms:
-Pale
-Dizzy
-Feeling “weak in the knees”
-Nausea
-Sweating
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2
Q

What to do with syncope when you are taking blood?

A
  1. Remove tourniquet.
  2. Withdraw needle.
  3. Distract.
  4. Lower patient’s head to prevent injury.
  5. Loosen clothing.
  6. Apply cold compress.
  7. Alert nursing personnel.
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3
Q

What may you be responsible for in a hospital to help patients in an evacuation situation?

A 
May be responsible to help patients:
R- remove and rescue
A - alarm
C - confine
E - extinguish
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4
Q

What are the steps for proper use of a fire extinguisher?

A

Use the word PASS, which stands for
P - pull and turn the pin to break the seal
A - aim the nozzle at the base of the fire
S - squeeze the handle
S - sweep the hose across the base of the fire

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5
Q

What do you do if you splash yourself in the eye with chemicals?

A

Go to eyewash station.
Flush for 15 mins (both inside and outside of eye, as well as under the eye lid)
If you have contacts on (which you shouldn’t) but if you do, rinse for 1 min, then remove and continue rinsing for 15 more mins.

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6
Q

What accidents in the lab need to be reported immediately?

A

Spills of hazardous chemicals or biological material.
Fire
Power/telephone/gas/water outages.

Report immediately, document properly, and needs to be investigated to prevent reoccurrence.

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7
Q

What safety do we apply in every lab?

A 
General safety (no eating in lab)
PPE
Hand washing
Hazard Identification (e.g. labels)
Disinfection/Disposal (Routine practices)
Familiar with safety equipment
First Aid
Engineering Controls (Chemical fume hood or Biological Safety Cabinet if required)
Report safety issues
Housekeeping
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8
Q

What are the general lab rules for PPE?

A 
Closed toed shoes
No food or drink
Hair tied back
No chewing on pens, hair, etc.
Minimal jewelry
Wear appropriate PPE
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9
Q

What is the hierarchy of controls for the lab?

A
  1. Engineering controls – Fume hood, Biosafety cabinet
  2. Administrative controls – Save work procedures, training
  3. Personal controls (PPE) – Gloves, lab coat, masks etc.
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10
Q

What government does WHMIS fall under?

A

WHMIS falls under both provincial and federal government regulatory cont rol.

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11
Q

What are three major elements of WHMIS?

A

Safety data sheets (SDS) – Controlled products workers have access to information about a product
Labels
Training – most important element about the system including emergency procedures

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12
Q

What are the concept and the elements of an Occupational Health and Safety Management System?

A 
Concept: designation of accountability for actions which will ensure all facets of OHS program are well developed, implemented, evaluated and continual improvement. 
Elements:
Demonstrated leadership and management
Risk assessment of potential hazards
Implementation of effective control measures
Inspections
Training
Emergency preparedness
Incident reporting and investigation
Employee engagement 
Record keeping
Review of activities
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13
Q

True or False, in a safe culture, injuries are preventable.

A

True

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14
Q

True or False, in a safe culture, everyone has responsibility and accountability for actions.

A

True

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15
Q

True or False, in a safe culture, don’t report anything.

A

False, all incidents are reported.

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16
Q

What is involved in a Job Hazard Assessment (JHA)?

A 
List critical steps of job.
Identify equipment used
Identify potential hazards at each step
Review available control measure - (order Eng, Admin, PPE)
Verify effectiveness of controls.
17
Q

How to do biological spill clean up?

A
  1. Advise / report to instructor
  2. PPE
  3. Clean up - if only few drops can wipe it up immediately (towel soaked in disinfectant). More than few drops, cover with an absorbent (towel). Apply disinfectant (10% bleach) from outside in. Leave on 10 mins (small spill) and 30 mins for large spill). Wipe up and place in biohazard bag.
  4. Remove PPE, and discard in biohazard bag.
  5. Hand Hygiene.
18
Q

How long should the eyes be washed at an eye wash station?

A

15 mins, both inside and outside of eye as well as under the eyelid.

19
Q

What is the required maintenance for an eye wash station?

A 
Checked weekly (flush out pipes of stagnant water, checked for appropriate temperature, check pressure).
Portable eye wash stations need their water changed out frequently.
Systems inspected annually.
Always document maintenance.
20
Q

What is the procedure for doing a safety shower if you need one?

A 
Stand under shower
Pull lever 
While water is running – remove clothing
Minimum 15 minutes
Wash hair
Remove goggles
21
Q

How does having a safety shower help you from a chemical splash on your body?

A

Water washes away chemicals on skin.

Cold water closes skin pores and reduces skin penetration.

22
Q

What to do for burns with a) not water reactive chemicals b) if water reactive and c) powdered chemical?

A

a) Flush area with water.
b) Brush reactive material off of skin before rinsing.
c) Brush off before rinsing with water.

23
Q

What types of chemicals cause penetrating burns?

A

Alkalis and phenols

Effects can be delayed, so don’t wait for a stinging situation before washing. Wash ASAP. May need to wash up to 60 mins.

24
Q

What types of chemicals are non-penetrating?

A

Some corrosives. Form a protective barrier which limits damage.

Don’t rub yourself in chemical.
Wash for 20-30 mins.

25
Q

Should you neutralize a chemical burn on your skin?

A

NEVER.
Could cause a second chemical reaction which generates heat that causes more damage.

Seek professional help after a chemical burn.

26
Q

What should you do if you get chemical splashed in your mouth?

A

Spit it out!
Rinse your mouth with lots and lots of water.
DO NOT swallow the water you are using to rinse.
Follow MSDS if vomiting should be induced or not.
Use milk to neutralize only if MSDS suggests to do so. (
Note: Some corrosives can be neutralized with milk, but it also may slow absorption.)
Seek professional help after a chemical burn.

27
Q

What to do if you get a physical injury such as a minor cut?

A

Minor Cuts:

  1. Wash thoroughly with soap and water.
  2. allow to bleed freely.
  3. Do not apply pressure - cover lightly.
  4. Bandage
  5. Notify supervisor.
  6. Document and seek more medical attention if required.
28
Q

What to do if you get a major cut?

A

Major Cuts:

  1. Apply direct pressure with a clean compress.
  2. Keep cut elevated above the heart.
  3. Immobilize any embedded objects.
  4. Seek professional help.

Wear gloves if you are helping someone who has a deep cut.

29
Q

What do you do if you catch on fire?

A

Stop. Drop and Roll.

30
Q

What do you do for thermal burns?

A

Immerse in cold water (to relieve pain, swelling, and stop further damage).
Remove jewelry before swelling begins.

Fundamentals of MLS (18 decks)

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