Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Fundamentals of MLS > Phlebotomy Ch12 Computers & LIS > Flashcards

Phlebotomy Ch12 Computers & LIS Flashcards

1
Q

How are computers & LIS used in phlebotomy?

A

Tracking specimens: From the time they are collected to reporting those results.
An understanding of handling and processing helps avoid errors ensures results obtained are accurate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some uses of computers in Healthcare?

A

Computer Uses in Healthcare:

  1. Manage data (information collected for analysis or computation)
  2. Monitor patient vital signs
  3. Aid in diagnosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What computer literacy does one need in healthcare?

A

Computer Literacy:

  1. Know basic computer terminology
  2. Understand computer & functions it performs
  3. Perform basic operations using computers
  4. Demonstrate willingness to adapt to changes computers bring to our lives
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are computer networks and their advantages?

A

Computer Networks:
1. A group of computers linked for purpose of sharing resources. Includes simple interoffice connections & complex systems between several organizations in different cities (Internet)

  1. Offers advantage for:
    a) Coordinating data
    b) Communicating more efficiently
    c) Sharing hardware & software
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are individual computer stations called in healthcare?

A

Nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the concern regarding computer networking in healthcare?

A

Computer networking makes sharing of information so easy that patient confidentiality can be violated. Think PHIA.
Note: Can be reprimanded for accessing information that you do not need to access.
Be conscious.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the input components of a computer?

A 
Keyboard
Light pen
Touchscreen
Scanners
Mouse
Glide pad
CD/DVD or other external memory device
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the processing component of a computer called and what does it do?

A
  1. CPU

2. “Brain” of computer. compares, calculates & makes decisions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the output parts of a computer?

A

Printer
Computer screen
Smartphones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Differentiate between hardware and software including applications?

A
  1. Hardware: CPU, keyboards, monitors, barcode readers, scanners, handhelds, fax machines, printer, modems, routers
  2. Software Systems: built-in, preinstalled basics that operate computer
  3. Applications: programs to perform specific tasks required by users
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the different type of storage on and for a computer?

A

RAM: limited temporary storage in CPU
ROM: internal hard drive memory in CPU

Note: Stored information RAM random access memory and ROM Read only memory: RAM will be lost once computer is shut down and ROM will be stored
RAM memory can be stored via external devices like USB or hard drive, or now most recent a cloud – offsite storage maintained by a third party

Secondary storage: storage outside CPU
External hard drives
USB drives
CDs & DVDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is LIS? What is it objectives?

A

LIS stands for Laboratory Information Systems.
A customized software package designed to facilitate a variety of workflow models in the laboratory
Objectives:
a) Data management
b) Security and quality control
c) Interactive interface with instrumentation
d) Information sharing
e) Interfaces with regional and national reference laboratories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the system manager responsible for in regards to the LIS?

A

System manager responsible for:
Training personnel & updating them on software changes
Solving day-to-day problems that develop after system is installed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the new use of lab informatics/LIS in Manitoba (what it is and its functions)? What are its benefits?

A

Lab Informatics – Specialized application of information tech includes development, maintenance and use of computers and networks to store, retrieve and send info to optimize lab operations.
LIS is the major component of Lab informatics.
Sophisticated software serves a variety of purposes; operations, data management, security and QC has interface with instrumentation and information sharing with health information systems (provincial) and electronic health records – this is very new in Manitoba all hospitals (most major) are connected and physicians can access your file regardless of what hospital you visit.
Fast TATs, reduced clerical errors, flexible delivery options for reports, workload within the lab and statistical reports.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some of the functions of the specific programs in LIS?

A 
Specific Programs in LIS allow users to:
Admit patients		
Request test orders
Print labels
Evaluate and enter results
Inquire about results 
Generate reports

These facilitate day to day tasks for LIS users.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the requirements/functions for LIS usernames?

A

Unique identifier, combination of letters and numbers
Allows access to certain system functions to each person
Logged w. every transaction, allowing system manager to identify users

Usernames – given to employees when they are hired and stays with you during your employment

17
Q

What are the requirement for passwords from LIS users?

A

Passwords
Uniquely identify the person allowing, them to become a system user
Must be kept strictly confidential

Passwords – strong passwords are very important for LIS as this can cause issues if someone another employee does work under you username

18
Q

Should you log on to a ‘node’ if someone else is already on it or share your username or password?

A

No, never to both of those.

19
Q

What are icons and mnemonics codes used for in LIS?

A

Used to request appropriate program or function necessary to enter data

20
Q

What are barcodes and what are they used for in LIS?

A

Barcodes

  1. Alternately spaced black bars and white spaces representing a code
  2. Used for:
    a) ID of patients
    b) Supply inventory
    c) Specimen identification
    d) Pharmaceutical drug name, dose, & route
    e) Require wireless hand-held scanner
21
Q

What is the difference between 1D and 2D barcodes?

A

Barcodes can be 1D or 2D. 1D is the lines or bars and the 2D uses rectangles, dots and patterns - 2D holds more information, the linear barcodes are being phased out.

22
Q

Where are barcode technologies used in phlebotomy? Benefits?

A

Most POCT and analyzers use barcode technology for specimen identification and test selection
Barcodes on patient ID bands
Test requisitions and specimen labels
They save time and shorten TATs, reduce errors with manually recording information and entering info into LIS OR individual analyzers

23
Q

What is a radio frequency ID? What is it used for?

A
  1. Radio frequency ID: Composed of a reader & a tag/label. Tag is applied to product or person to identify & track using radio waves. Wireless scanner can track more than one tag at a time
  2. Used to:
    a) Monitor patients
    b) Identify & track specimens, equipment, & records

Note: Same purpose as a barcode or magnetic strip on a credit card. This is actually a silicon chip.
Communicates with radio waves and the RFID scanner can track more than one tag at a time and beyond the line of sight of the reader

24
Q

What is the problem with radio frequency ID?

A

Although all these are fancy and nice it is cheaper to keep the barcode system over others.

25
Q

What are computerized analyzers?

A

Computerized Analyzers
Sophisticated computer systems designed to:
Manage patient data
Interface w. the LIS & main hospital intranet
Unidirectional (data goes from analyzer to LIS computer)
Bidirectional (data transfer is in both directions)

26
Q

What are some examples of how computerized analyzers are being used in healthcare?

A

Analyzers are interfaced with LIS
Healthcare is quickly moving towards being totally integrated
Good example is some POCT can be integrated to the LIS
Large reference laboratories that are separate from healthcare can download results from automated instruments into patient charts and centralized databases.

27
Q

What is the impact of computerization and connectivity?

A

Computerization & Connectivity
Decentralization & increased POC testing
Increase in remote lab testing facilities networks
Further development of microchip technology in POC analyzers

28
Q

What specimens should be stored at 37C?

A

See Table 12-2

29
Q

What specimens should be stored in ice slurry or cooling rack?

A

See Table 12-2.

30
Q

What specimens should be protected from light?

A

See Table 12-2.

31
Q

What is photosenstive samples?

A

• Photosensitive – analytes broken down by light and falsely decrease values.

32
Q

How fast an bilirubin degrade in light?

A

○ Bili – decrease 50% with 1hr of light exposure

○ Neonate bili tubes or wrap in foil

33
Q

Can some specimens be negatively affected by chilling?

A

Yes, also be aware that some analytes or tests can negatively be affected from chilling
○ Coagulation specimens can activate clotting factors and disrupted platelet function
○ Potassium as cold inhibits glycolysis which is what provides energy to pump K into the cells – K leaks from cells and artificially increases K values

Fundamentals of MLS (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions