SAC 1 Flashcards
Hunger
The drive to satisfy the body’s need for food.
Appetite
The desire for food even when the body is not hungry
Satiety
The feeling of fullness or satisfaction after eating food. When there is no desire for food.
Process of Satiety
Blood glucose levels increase, pancreas/liver send signals to the brain telling them to stop eating, fat cells release leptin. Process takes approximately 20min
Fat broken into
Fatty Acids
Protein broken into
Amino Acids
Carbohydrates broken into
Glucose
Macronutrients
Fat, Protein, Carbohydrates
Gut Microbiota
The microorganisms that live in the gut of humans
Microbiome
The DNA/genes of the organisms of the microbiota
Prebiotics
Soluble & Insoluble Fibre, Resistant Starch - The gut cant digest but the gut microbiota can.
Probiotics
Good Bacteria, promote mucus secretion of the cells of the gut to form a protective layer - prevents disease causing bacteria getting into the body
What does the Microbiota do
Make hormones and signals other glands to make hormones (thyroid - metabolic rate and production of energy. Oestrogen - female sex hormone, Melatonin - helps with sleep, Dopamine & Serotonin - neurotransmitters Cortisol - stress hormone.)
Prebiotic Food Sources
Onion, soy bean, asparagus, bananas, leek, bread, artichoke, garlic
Probiotic Food Sources
Yogurt, kimchi, sauerkraut, kefir (fermented cow, goat, sheep milk)
