Nutrients

Question 1

Nutrients

Answer 1

Compounds found in foods needed for a healthy life

Question 2

Macronutrients

Answer 2

Needed in large amounts

Question 3

Micronutrients

Answer 3

Needed in small amounts

Question 4

Carbohydrates broken into

Answer 4

Glucose

Question 5

Protein broken into

Answer 5

Amino acids

Question 6

Fats broken into

Answer 6

Fatty acids

Question 7

Monosaccharides

Answer 7

Glucose Fructose Galactose (honey, fruit juices, some vegetables)

Question 8

Disaccharide

Answer 8

Maltose, sucrose and lactose (sugar and milk)

Question 9

Polysaccharide

Answer 9

Long chains of multiple monosaccharides, more complex than carbohydrates. Starch, glycogen and cellulose (rice, wheat, corn, pottos, yams, starchy vegetables, and legumes.

Question 10

Ogliosaccharide

Answer 10

Small number of monosaccharides joined. Promote growth of good bacteria (bifidobacteria) in large intestine. (Breads, cereals, pasta & legumes.

Question 11

Soluble Fibre

Answer 11

Dissolves in water and forms a gel like substance. Increase satiety, lower ldl, stabilise blood glucose levels, prevent constipation. (Oat bran, barley, nuts, seeds, beans, lentils, peas, some fruits and vegetables.)

Question 12

Insoluble fibre

Answer 12

is not absorbed during the digestive process. Contributes to satiety helps soften bowel movements. (Wholegrain breads and cereals, nuts, seeds, wheat bran and the skin of fruits and vegetables.

Question 13

Resistant Starch

Answer 13

Resists digestion in the small intestine and ferments in the large intestine where bacteria changes it into short-chain fatty acids. Helps protect against cancer and reduce cholesterol. (Uncooked pasta, under ripe bananas, cooked and cooled potato, rice)

Question 14

Amino Acids

Answer 14

20 different amino acids. The body can’t make 9 of these amino acids.

Question 15

Complete Proteins

Answer 15

Foods that contain all 20 amino acids. (All animal sources and some plants are complete proteins including soy products.)

Question 16

Incomplete Proteins

Answer 16

Foods that only contain some amino acids and some of the essential amino acids but not all of them. (Food products from whole cereal grain, legumes and beans, Nuts and seeds.)

Question 17

Fats

Answer 17

Necessary for good health but overconsumption can lead to obesity.

Question 18

Saturated Fats

Answer 18

High amounts liked with increased risk of heart disease/high blood cholesterol levels. (Animal products)