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Therapuetics - Exam 3 > SABAs and SACAs > Flashcards

SABAs and SACAs Flashcards

1
Q

SABAs

A

inhaled short acting B2 agonists
increases cAMP and antagonized bronchoconstriction
leads to smooth muscle relaxation
reverse obstruction and improve airflow

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1
Q

SABA drugs

A

albuterol HFA (proair, ventolin, proventil, proair respiclick, proair digihaler)
albuterol nebulizer
levalbuterol hfa (xopenex)
levalbuterol nebulizer

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2
Q

albuterol hfa brands

A

proair
ventolin
proventil
proair respiclick
proair digihaler

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3
Q

albuterol hfa (pro air, ventolin, proventil, proair respiclick, proair digihaler) dosage form

A

MDI - 90 mcg/inhalation
Aerosol powder inhaler - 90mcg/inhalation

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4
Q

albuterol hfa (pro air, ventolin, proventil, proair respiclick, proair digihaler) dosing

A

1 to 2 inhalations 5 minutes before exercise
2 inhalations q4-6h prn

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5
Q

albuterol hfa (pro air, ventolin, proventil, proair respiclick, proair digihaler) dosing in 0-11 yos for exacerbations

A

4-8 inhalations every 20 minutes for 30 doses, then every 1 to 4 hours inhalation maneuver prn
use VHC (and mask in 0-4 yos)

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6
Q

albuterol hfa (pro air, ventolin, proventil, proair respiclick, proair digihaler) dosing in adults for exacerbations

A

4 to 8 inhalations every 20 minutes for up to 4 hours, then every 1 to 4 hours prn

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7
Q

adverse effects of albuterol

A

tachycardia
tremor
hypokalemia
irritability

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8
Q

clinical pearls of albuterol

A

chronic use (over 2 times per day) indicates poor asthma control
may mix nebulizer solution with cromolyn solution, budesonide inhalant suspension, or ipratropium solution
in mild to moderate exacerbations, MDI plus VHC is as effective as nebulized therapy with appropriate admin technique and coaching by trained personnel

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9
Q

albuterol nebulizer solution dosage

A

0.63 mg/mL
1.25 mg/3mL
2.5mg/3mL
5mg/mL

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10
Q

albuterol nebulizer solution dosing in 0-4 yos

A

0.63 to 2.5mg in 3mL saline every 4-6h prn

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11
Q

albuterol nebulizer solution dosing in 5-11 yos and adults

A

1.25 to 5 mg in 3mL saline every 4-8 hours prn

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12
Q

albuterol nebulizer solution dosing for exacerbations in 0-11 yos

A

0.15mg/kg (minimum of 2.5mg) every 20 minutes for 3 doses, then 0.15 to 0.3mg/kg for up to 10mg every 1 to 4 hours prn
0.5mg/kg/hour by continuous nebulization

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13
Q

albuterol nebulizer dosing for exacerbations in adults

A

2.5 to 5mg every 20 minutes for 3 doses, then 2.5 to 10mg every 1 to 4 hours prn
10 to 15 mg/hour by continuous nebulization

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14
Q

levalbuterol hfa brand

A

xopenex

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15
Q

levalbuterol hfa (xopenex) dosage form

A

MDI
45 mcg/inhalation

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16
Q

levalbuterol nebulizer solution dosage form

A

0.31mg/3mL
0.63mg/3mL
1.25mg/0.5mL
1.25mg/3mL

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17
Q

levalbuterol hfa (xopenex) dosing in 0-11 yos

A

2 inhalations every 4-6h prn

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18
Q

levalbuterol hfa (xopenex) exacerbation dosing in 0-11 yos

A

4 to 8 inhalations every 20 minutes for 3 doses, then every 1 to 4 hours inhalation maneuver prn
use vhc

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19
Q

levalbuterol hfa (xopenex) dosing in adults

A

2 inhalations 5 minutes prior to exercise
2 puffs q4-6h prn

20
Q

levalbuterol hfa (xopenex) exacerbation dosing in adults

A

4 to 8 inhalations every 20 minutes for up to 4 hours, then every 1 to 4 hours prn

21
Q

adverse effects of levalbuterol

A

tachycardia
tremor
hypokalemia
irritability

22
Q

clinical pearls of levalbuterol

A

reserved for patients who do not response to albuterol for quick relief
nebulizer solution compatible with budesonide inhalant suspension
levalbuterol administered in the 1/2 the mg dose of albuterol provides comparable efficacy and safety
has not been evaluated by continuous nebulization

23
Q

levalbuterol nebulizer solution dosing in 0-4 yos

A

0.31 to 1.25 mg q4-6h prn

24
Q

levalbuterol nebulizer solution dosing in 5-11 yos

A

0.31 to 0.63 mg q8h prn

25
Q

levalbuterol nebulizer solution exacerbation dosing in 0-11 yos

A

0.075 mg/kg (minimum dose of 1.25) every 20 minutes for 3 doses, then 0.075 mg to 0.15mg/kg for up to 5mg every 1 to 4 hours prn

26
Q

levalbuterol nebulizer solution dosing in adults

A

0.63 to 1.25 mg q8h prn

27
Q

levalbuterol nebulizer solution exacerbation dosing in adults

A

1.25 to 2.5mg every 20 minutes for 3 doses then 1.25 to 5 mg every 1 to 4 hours prn

28
Q

short acting anticholinergics

A

competitively inhibit cholinergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscles
decreased cGMP leads to bronchodilation
ipratropium hfa (atrovent)
ipratropium
ipratropium/albuterol (combivent respimat, duoneb)

29
Q

ipratropium hfa brand

A

atrovent

30
Q

iptratropium hfa (atrovent) dosage form

A

MDI
17 mcg/inhalation

31
Q

ipratropium nebulizer solution dosage form

A

0.125mg/mL
0.25mg/mL

32
Q

ipratropium/albuterol brand

A

combivent respimat
duoneb

33
Q

ipratropium/albuterol (combivent respimat) dosage form

A

MDI
20mcg/100mcg/inhalation

34
Q

iptratropium/albuterol (duoneb) dosage form

A

nebulizer solution
0.5mg/2.5mg per 3mL vial

35
Q

ipratropium hfa (atrovent) and ipratropium/albuterol (combivent respimat) exacerbation dosing in 0-11 yos

A

4-8 inhalations every 20 minutes prn for up to 3 hours
use with VHC (and mask for under 4)

36
Q

ipratropium hfa (atrovent) dosing in adults

A

2 inhalation q6h

37
Q

ipratropium hfa (atorvent) exacerbation dosing in adults

A

8 inhalations every 20 minutes prn for up to 3 hours

38
Q

adverse effects of ipratropium

A

dry mouth
urinary retention
infection
sinusitis
bronchitis

39
Q

clinical pearls of ipratropium

A

used in combo with albuterol for asthma exacerbation treatment
may mix in same nebulizer with albuterol
should not be used as first-line therapy; should be added to saba therapy for severe exacerbations

40
Q

ipratropium nebulizer solution exacerbation dosing in 0-11 yos

A

0.25 mg to 0.5 mg every 20 minutes for 3 doses then prn

41
Q

ipratropium nebulizer solution dosing in adults

A

0.25mg q6h

42
Q

ipratropium nebulizer solution exacerbation dosing in adults

A

0.5mg every 20 minutes for 3 does then prn

43
Q

ipratropium/albuterol (combivent respimat) dosing in adults

A

1 inhalation q6h

44
Q

ipratropium/albuterol (combivent respimat) exacerbation dosing in adults

A

8 inhalations every 20 minutes prn for up to 3 doses

45
Q

ipratropium/albuterol (duoneb) dosing in 0-4 yos

A

1.5mL every 20 minutes for 3 doses then prn

46
Q

ipratropium/albuterol (duoneb) dosing in 5-11 yos

A

3mL every 20 minutes for 3 doses then prn

47
Q

ipratropium/albuterol (duoneb) dosing in adults

A

3mL every 20 minutes for 3 doses then prn
OFF LABEL

48
Q

clinical pearls of ipratropium/albuterol (duoneb)

A

may be used for up to 3 hours in initial management of severe exacerbations

Therapuetics - Exam 3 (12 decks)

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