S9 L2 - Adrenal disorders Flashcards
Assessment of the adrenal gland
- Clinical symptoms
- Biochemical tests
- Imaging
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
Cause: Autosomal recessive
This disease causes 21-beta hydroxylase insufficiency:
- Low cortisol
- Low aldosterone
- High androgens
- Ambiguous genitalia
- ADDISONIAN CRISIS (RISK)
- *Hyperaldosteronism**
- Causes
- Signs and symptoms
- Treatment
Reminder of role of cortisol: STRESS HORMONE
- *Cushing’s Syndrome**
- What is Cushing’s Syndrome
- Signs and symptoms
Test to differentiate between different causes of Cushing Syndrome:
1st flashcard
Dexamethosone Suppression Test
Test to differentiate between different causes of Cushing Syndrome:
2nd flashcard
- *Cushing’s Syndrome – Adrenal Cushing’s**
- Treatment
Treatment: If the tumour is small, can remove it via key hole surgery
If the tumour is large, needs removal via open surgery
- *Cushing’s Syndrome – Glucocorticoids**
- Steriod medication
- Which conditions can these medications be used for
- Important thing about these drugs
e.g. Dexamethasone and Prednisolone
This drugs can cause: External cause of Cushing’s Syndrome
Used to treat conditions incl: asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, IBS, other auto-immune conditions.., suppress immune reaction to organ transplant
IMPORTANT: Steroid dosage should be reduced slowly (or – risk of ADDISONIAN CRISIS)
Addisons Disease
- Also called
- Cause
- Patient type
- Signs and symptoms
- Lifelong treatment
- Diagnosis of Addison’s Disease
- Why does it cause skin hyperpigmentation
Addisonian crisis:
Precipitated by…
Symptoms
Treatment
Diagnosis of Addision’s Disease
Pheochromocytoma
What is this disease?
Signs and symptoms
Management
Test for it
Paraganglioma
Description
- *Description:** Extra-adrenal tumour (chromaffin tissue origin)
- *Look at Phaeochromocytoma section**
