S6

Question 1

Describe the burden associated with obesity;

Answer 1

In 2016- more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight, over 650 million obese. Obesity kills more people that underweight

Question 2

Describe the role of nutrition in promoting health and wellbeing;

Answer 2

Good nutrition is an important part of leading a healthy lifestyle. Combined with physical activity, your diet can help you to reach and maintain a healthy weight, reduce your risk of chronic diseases.

Question 3

Describe public health interventions to improve nutrition and reduce levels of overweight and obesity in the population.

Answer 3

Mandate calorie labelling, sugar reduction- sugar tax, review physical activity offer

Question 4

Define compliance, adherence and concordance and the relationship between them;

Answer 4

Compliance =“the extent to which the patient’s behaviour matches the prescriber’s recommendations”.

Adherence =“the extent to which a person’s behaviour, taking medication, following a diet, and/or executing lifestyle changes, corresponds with agreed recommendations from a health care provider”.

Concordance= therapeutic relationship, which facilitates clinicians’ and patients’ views on treatment, and supports an informed choice of treatment by patients

Question 5

Describe the factors influencing adherence, and be able to apply these to giving relevant examples of influences on adherence for individual patient cases.

Answer 5

Therapy-related factors included higher dosing frequency and medication side effects.
Socioeconomic-related factors included location of residence and current smoking status
high treatment cost affected medication adherence
Poor accessibility to medication
Having lower education levels was linked to poorer medication adherence
poorer medication adherence included polypharmacy, having comorbid conditions, and having psychiatric conditions such as depression
Patient-related factors: Ethnicity, gender and age