S5 L2 Development of the Head and Neck Flashcards
Development of pharyngeal apparatus
Embryo at 4 weeks:
- can work out which structures?
- how much space does the head and neck take up?
- Brief structure of the embryonic head
Head end, tail end, bit that will become the heart…
Head and neck take up almost half the body
Head and neck have a similar segmental pattern to the thoracic and abdomen. The structure of the embryonic head is becoming increasingly complex, but follows a familar segmental pattern
Pharyngeal arch development
- What does a phrayngeal arch consist of?
- What does each bit become…
Pharyngeal arch derivatives:
- Arch supplied by which nerve?
- Which nerves associated with it?
- Skeletal elements?
Phayngeal clefts and pouches
- What are these?
- Where are they?
- Where are they in the pic?
Derivatives of the clefts and pouches
- What happens to:
- First pharyngeal pouch?
- First pharyngeal cleft?
- How do these form?
- What do the: second, third, fourth pharyngeal pouches form?
- What happens to the second, third, fourth pharyngeal cleft?
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Branchial cysts, sinuses, fistulas
Development of the head and neck
- 4 ‘sections’
- Label the following diagrams
Frontonasal process
Maxillary process
Mandibular process
Hyoid arch
Explain the development of the head and neck
- i.e. what each of the 4 sections become?
- Explain how the ear forms?
Explain the 4 sections in relation to nerves and dermatomes
Development of the palate
- How does this develop?
Palate abnormalities
- How does a cleft palate form?
- How does a cleft lip form?
Ear development
- Explain this
- In which condition can this be affected?
Development of the tongue
- How does the tongue develop (2 parts)
- Nerves that innervate each part
- Boundary between the two parts
- Structure that sits in the midline - important for thyroid gland development
Development of the thyroid gland
What happens if problem with thyroid development?
