S10 L2 Conditions involving the Larynx and Airway Management

Question 1

Conditions Affecting the Larynx

• *Laryngitis:**
• What is this?
• Signs and symptoms?
• Treatment
• How to diagnose?

Answer 1

Question 2

Laryngeal nodules

• What are these?
• Caused by…
• Investigation…

Laryngeal cancer
- Investigation

Answer 2

Question 3

What is:

• Laryngeal oedema?
• Epiglottitis (more detail next FC)
• Croup (more detail next FC)

Conditions causing swelling of the larynx can present an immediate threat to the
airway, which signs and symptoms?

Answer 3

Question 4

Epiglottitis

• What is the epiglotis?
• Causes
• What happens in epiglottitis?
• Signs and Symptoms?
• Main first aim when looking after these patients…

Answer 4

Question 5

Croup:

• What is this?
• Causes
• What happens in epiglottitis?
• Signs and Symptoms?
• Treatment

Answer 5

Question 6

Airway Management

• Why is this needed sometimes?
• What is the basis of this?
• What are some protective reflexes of the airway?
• How can consciousness affect the airways?

Answer 6

Question 7

What can happen to the airways if someone is in a supine condition and are unconscious…

Answer 7

Question 8

Airway Management
2 types:
- Planned
- Emergency

Give examples of each

Answer 8

Managing an airway
– Planned (elective) e.g. in preparation for surgery involving a general anesthetic
– Emergency- acute/immediate threat to airway- conscious e.g. laryngeal oedema /
unconscious patient e.g. cardiac arrest

Question 9

Ludwig’s Angina

• What is this?
• Concern about airway, because…
• Need to secure the airway before…
• What can threaten the airway?

Answer 9

Ludwig’s Angina:
What is this?
Ludwig’s angina is a rare skin infection that occurs on the floor of the mouth, underneath the tongue. Swelling of tongue too. This bacterial infection often occurs after a tooth abscess, which is a collection of pus in the center of a tooth. It can also follow other mouth infections or injuries.
Worry about airway:
Oedema, distortion, and obstruction of airway and may arise as a consequence of airway management mishaps.
What can threaten the airway?
• Oral cavity
• Phraynx
• Larynx
ETC - anything in that region

Need to secure airways before the airway blocks off completely e.g. due to swelling

Question 10

Airway Management:
- Simple airway maneuvers
- Airway adjuncts (2 types)
What are each of these, explain how it helps with airway management

Answer 10

Question 11

Airway Management - securing the airway:
- Supraglottic airway
- Definitive airway = intubation
Explain each type, how do they work?

Answer 11

Question 12

ET tube: More detail
- Anatomy about how it is inserted?

Answer 12

Question 13

Airway Adjuncts:

• *Orophrayngeal airways…**
• How does it work
• What does it look like?

Answer 13

Question 14

Airway Adjuncts:

• *Nasophrayngeal airways…**
• How does it work
• What does it look like?

Answer 14

Question 15

• *Supraglottic airway (iGel)**
• How does it work
• What does it look like?

Answer 15

Question 16

Name the airway adjunct/device

Answer 16