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(2) Physical Modalities > S3_L4: Limb Compression > Flashcards

S3_L4: Limb Compression Flashcards

1
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Laplace’s law is the tension of the product of pressure x radius of chamber.

Inc. in tension, will inc. thickness of wall

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

C,

Inc. in tension, will dec. thickness of wall

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2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

static pneumatic compression is constant compression.

Intermittent (IPC) has varying force over time with on/off time that will inflate/deflate

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

A

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3
Q

The following statements are Effects of Limb Compression, EXCEPT:

A. Improves Venous and Lymphatic Circulation

B. Improves fluid balance and circulation

C. control peripheral edema, prevent DVT & heals venous ulcers

D. Increase of hydrostatic pressure
in the interstitial space & inc. extravascular pressure

E. None of the above

A

E

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4
Q

modified TRUE OR FALSE:

Static compression limits the shape and size of new tissue formation.

It is used over residual limb post-
amputation (stump), burn-damaged skin & edematous limbs

A

TT

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5
Q

TRUE OR FALSE on Effects of Limb Compression:

It increases Tissue Temperature by increasing superficial tissue temperature (except when a built-in cooling mechanism is used like cryotherapy) & controls scar formation.

A

T

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6
Q

The following statements are causes of edema, EXCEPT:

A. Venous or lymphatic obstruction/insufficiency

B. Increased capillary permeability & plasma volume due to Na+ and H2O retention

C. Acute inflammation, Airline travel or Pregnancy

D. Medical conditions (ie CHF, cirrhosis, etc)

E. None of the above

A

E

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7
Q

modified TRUE OR FALSE:

Swelling due to the increased fluid in the interstitial spaces of the body.

Pitting edema has indentation but only for awhile, while non-pitting edema is firm without indentation.

A

TT

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8
Q

Match the ff. grades of edema

  1. 3-4mm
  2. 5-6 mm
  3. 2 mm
  4. 8 mm

A. Grade 1
B. Grade 2
C. Grade 3
4. Grade 4

A
  1. B
  2. C
  3. A
  4. D
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9
Q

modified TRUE OR FALSE about lymphedema:

Are swelling caused by excess
lymphatic fluid in the
interstitial space

Can be Primary due to congenital problems in lymphatic system or Secondary due to other diseases that blocks lymphatic Flow like cancer, infection, neoplasm, etc.

A

TT

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10
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: IPC can prevent DVT which are blood clot (thrombus) in the deep veins.

A

T

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Venous Stasis Ulcers, are areas of tissue breakdown and necrosis d/t impaired
venous circulation

A

T

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12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE on indications of IPC:

Can be used for Residual Limb Shaping after Amputation to prepare stump for
prosthetic fitting.

Intermittent compression should be used in conjunction with an elastic bandage

A. both statements are wrong
B. both statements are correct
C. only the 1st statement is correct
D. only the 2nd statement is correct

A

B

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13
Q

The following statements are causes of lymphedema, EXCEPT:

A. Hypoproteinemia: dec. Plasma
protein level (<6-8 gm/dL)

B. Low serum albumin (<3.3 gm/dL)

C. Lymphatic obstruction

D. Reduced physical activity

E. None of the above

A

E

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14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

A
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15
Q

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

A.
B.
C.

A
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16
Q

T/F The following statements are in the correct order of stages of development of varicose ulcers

  1. Skin redness & inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue in the area of the lower leg
  2. Though inflamed skin starts to leak fluid
  3. Then appears whitish small areas of dead skin
  4. Then formed wound surface (venous ulcers)
A

T

17
Q

modified TRUE OR FALSE:

Hypertrophic scar is excessive scarring with raised & ridge appearance, doesn’t extend the boundaries of original wound.

Keloid scar is excessive scarring that extend beyond original wound boundary

A

TT

18
Q

modified TRUE OR FALSE on Indications
to Control Hypertrophic Scarring:

Compression garments decrease the height and vascularity of scar tissue and increases its pliability.

Compression directly shape the
scar tissue by acting as a mold
for the new tissue, decreasing
local edema formation and
facilitating improved collagen
orientation.

A

TT

19
Q

The following statements are absolute contraindications of IPC, EXCEPT:

A. Heart failure or pulmonary edema

B. Recent or acute DVT, thrombophlebitis, or pulmonary
embolism & Arterial revascularization

C. Obstructed lymphatic or venous return & severe peripheral arterial disease or ulcers d/t arterial insufficiency (ABI <0.8)

D. Acute local skin infection, trauma or fracture with significant hypoproteinemia (protein levels <2 gm/dL)

E. None of the above

A

E

20
Q

Which of the following statements are precautions to IPC

A. Impaired sensation or mentation

B. Uncontrolled hypertension

C. Cancer, Stroke or significant cerebrovascular insufficiency

D. Superficial peripheral nerves

E. All of the above

A

E

21
Q

The following statements are adverse effects of IPC, EXCEPT:

A. Aggravation of condition if excessive pressure is used

B. Aggravation of the underlying condition (ie. heart, kidney or liver failure)

C. Too much pressure that can impair arterial flow

D. None of the above

A

E

22
Q

modified TRUE OR FALSE:

Examination Procedures of IPC is done before and after the compression.

For the Subjective assessment, ask the pain scale and look for edema.

A

TT

23
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Objective assessment that can be done prior to IPC are:
✓ Ocular inspection
✓ Limb girth measurement
✓ Volumetric measurement
✓ Sensory assessment
✓ ROM assessment
✓ Muscle strength testing
✓ Functional assessment

A

T

24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

Working pressure is exerted by the elastic bandage when stretched

Resting pressure is produced by active muscles pushing against the inelastic bandage

A. both statements are wrong
B. both statements are correct
C. only the 1st statement is correct
D. only the 2nd statement is correct

A

A

Resting pressure – exerted by the elastic bandage when stretched

Working pressure – produced by active muscles pushing against the inelastic bandage

25
Q

Match the ff. compression bandage

  1. zinc oxide-impregnated gauze; 35-40 mmHg
  2. extend by 30-90%
  3. combination of elastic & inelastic
  4. extend by 100-200% (~60-70 mmHg pressure)

A. Long-stretch / High-stretch / Elastic
B. Short-stretch / Low-stretch / Inelastic
C. Multi-layered
D. Semirigid bandage / Unna’s boot

A
  1. D
  2. B
  3. C
  4. A
26
Q

Match the ff compression garments
1. 20-30 mmHg
2. 16-18 mmHg
3. 30-40 mmHg
4. 10-50 mmHg

A. Antiembolism/Off-the-shelf stockings
B. Modify scar formation after burns
C. Control scar tissue formation
D. Control edema

A
  1. C
  2. A
  3. D
  4. B
  • compression garments are available in custom-fit sizes for various body areas
27
Q

TRUE OR FALSE on IPC Pumps:

  • Provides the compressive force intermittently
  • Attached via a hose to the sleeves

A. both statements are wrong
B. both statements are correct
C. only the 1st statement is correct
D. only the 2nd statement is correct

A

B

28
Q

Match the ff. parameters

Guide:
Inflation/Deflation Time Ratio (sec)
Inflation Pressure (mmHg)
Treatment Time (hr);frequency

  1. 80-100/25-50 (3:1)
    UE: 30-60 ; LE: 40-80
    2-3 hours ; 1-2x/day

2.
40-60/10-15 (4:1)
UE: 30-60 ; LE: 40-80
2-3 hours ; 1-2x/day

A. Edema, DVT prevention, venous stasis ulcer
B. Residual limb reduction

A
  1. A
  2. B
  • in clinics it’s only 20 mins
29
Q

Match the ff. parameters by Jobst Institute (can have multiple answers)

Guide:
Inflation/Deflation Time Ratio (sec)
Inflation Pressure (mmHg)
Treatment Time (hr);frequency

  1. 80-100 / 25-30 (sec)
    30-50 mmHg
    3 hours; 2x/day
  2. 300-600 (flexed)/ 300-600 (extended)
    30-50 mmHg
    3 hours; 2x/day
  3. 40-60 / 10-15 (sec)
    30-60 mmHg
    4 hours; 3x/day
  4. 80-100 / 30 (sec)
    85 mmHg
    2.5 hours ; 3x/wk

A. Postmastectomy lymphedema
B. LE edema
C. Peripheral edema & venous stasis ulceration
D. Stump reduction
E. Hand edema

A
  1. A, B
  2. E
  3. D
  4. C
  • in clinics it’s only 20 mins
30
Q

TRUE OR FALSE on Clinical guidelines parameters:

Pressure
- UE: 40-60 mmHg
- LE: 60-80 mmHg
- Should not exceed the systolic BP

A

F, Should not exceed the diastolic BP

31
Q

modified TRUE OR FALSE on Inflation and deflation time:

  • Edema reduction: 45-90 sec on / 15-30 sec off
  • Shape residual limb: use 4:1 ratio
A

TT

32
Q

Match the ff. treatment duration

  1. 1-3 hrs
  2. 2-3 hours per day
  3. 2.5 hrs; 3x/wk
  4. 20 min
  5. 2 hours per day

A. Out-patient setting
B. Lymphedema
C. Traumatic edema
D. Venous ulcers
E. Residual limb reduction

A
  1. E
  2. B
  3. D
  4. A
  5. C
33
Q

TRUE OR FALSE on Chamber Sleeves:

Single-chamber are Non-sequential & uniform

Multi-chamber are Sequentially uniform & Sequentially graded

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

A

34
Q

Arrange the following statements in their correct IPC application steps

  1. Check for precautions and contraindications
  2. Inspect the body area being treated
  3. Apply the IPC sleeves; elevate the limb if necessary
  4. Wear stockings/stockinette (avoid wrinkles)
  5. Attach the hose from the pump to the sleeves
  6. Instruct pt to move during deflation
  7. Set the parameters
  8. Turn the machine off and re-assess the pt
A
  1. Check for precautions and contraindications
  2. Inspect the body area being treated
  3. Wear stockings/stockinette (avoid wrinkles)
  4. Apply the IPC sleeves; elevate the limb if necessary
  5. Attach the hose from the pump to the sleeves
  6. Set the parameters
  7. Instruct pt to move during deflation
  8. Turn the machine off and re-assess the pt
35
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: the statement below is written in the correct documentation format

IPC x <inflation> x <deflation> x <on:off> x <treatment> on <treatment> in <body position> to <rationale></rationale></treatment></treatment></on:off></deflation></inflation>

A

T

(2) Physical Modalities (12 decks)

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