Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

(2) Physical Modalities > S1_L4: Diathermy > Flashcards

S1_L4: Diathermy Flashcards

1
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Magnetic effect is caused by moving electric charges. An electric field is caused by stationary charges.

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

A. Both statements are true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: According to the electromagnetic wave theory, the energy is transmitted by oscillatory motion in the form of electromagnetic waves. These waves of energy are propagated through space.

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

A. Both statements are true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: electromagnetic radiation is composed of alternating electrical & magnetic fields that vary over time. They are oriented parallel to each other.

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

C., They are oriented perpendicular to each other.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: both electrical & magnetic fields causes the attraction & repulsion of electric charges. All electromagnetic waves pass through space at a speed of 3x10^8 m/s.

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

A. Both statements are true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Identify the representation of various wave energies arranged in order

A

Electromagnetic spectrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The following statements are true, EXCEPT:

A. Wave form is the distance from the peak of one wave to the identical peak of the next wave which ranges from nanometers to meters

B. Number of oscillations (Hz) is the inverse of wavelength

C. The energy carried by a photon is Planck’s constant

D. Decreased frequency, Increased wavelength

E. None of the above

A

E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: In USA, the federal communication commission (FCC) is responsible for set the ionizing levels

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Non-ionizing can break molecular bonds to form ions which is harmful to body tissues

A

F, ionizing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The following statements are true, EXCEPT:

A. Non-ionizing can’t break molecular bonds/produce ions thus it’s safe if properly applied to body tissues

B. Ionization is the process of removing an electron from it’s orbit & cause harmful effects to the cells because the mitosis activity is altered which results to mutations/cell death

C. Electromagnetic waves can either be reflected, refracted, transmitted, absorbed

D. Lambert’s cosine law/right angle law states that we need to apply the device in parallel for optimal absorption

E. None of the above

A

D, Lambert’s cosine law/right angle law states that we need to apply the device PERPENDICULALRY for optimal absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Inverse square law is the simple change in the distance that can alter the intensity of treatment. Law of Grotthuss Draper/Principle of Chemical activation check the factors that allow optimal absorption of the radiation inside the body.

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Arndt-Schultz principle states that the optimal amount of energy absorption per unit of time should be achieved to get the beneficial results of the treatment. Bunsen Roscoe law of reciprocity considers the intensity & duration of the treatment which is inversely proportional.

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The following statements are true about diathermy, EXCEPT:
A. Comes from lower frequency portion of radio wave & microwave groups of electromagnetic spectrum (EMS)

B. Uses radiation as mode of energy transfer like infrared radiation & converted to heat

C. It means “to heat through” or “through heating”

D. First used in 1892 by Jacques Arsene d’Arsonval a French physician & physicist

E. None of the above

A

E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: diathermy is the Application of shortwave or
microwave electromagnetic
energy to produce heat and
other physiological changes
within tissues. It is a thermal agent & acts as a deep heating modality

A

TT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: tissue absorption of diathermy depends on 2 factors:

  • amount of energy
  • tissue type
A

T,
- more energy, more absorption
- different tissues have different absorption rates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The following statements are true about shortwave diathermy (SWD), EXCEPT:

A. Heats deeper tissues
B. Heats larger areas vs. ultrasound
C. Not reflected by bones & doesn’t concentrate on periosteum
D. Need to continuously move the diathermy machine
E. None of the above

A

D, NO Need to continuously move the diathermy machine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The tissue absorption of MWD have a danger of overheating fats since some energy is being
absorbed directly by the fatty tissues. other energies are being reflected to the fatty tissue at fat-muscle interface

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Thermal effects of diathermy is Achieved when using
pulsed mode. Non-thermal effects of diathermy is Achieved when using
continuous mode

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

B,
Thermal = continuous
Non-thermal = pulsed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The following statements are true of the thermal effects of diathermy, EXCEPT:
A. Has pain control & accelerates tissue healing
B. Increases blood flow, metabolism, collagen extensibility
C. Decreases joint stiffness
D. Induces muscles relaxation & done in conjunction with stretching to increase ROM
E. None of the above

A

E

19
Q

Match the following types of diathermy to its properties

  1. wavelength: 300-30m
  2. wavelength: 30-3m
  3. wavelength: 3-0.03m
  4. Frequency: 10-100 MHz
  5. Frequency: 300 MHz- 300 GHz

A. Longwave diathermy (LWD)
B. Shortwave diathermy (SWD)
C. Microwave diathermy (MWD)

A

1.A
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. C

20
Q

Match the following Physiological Effects of Diathermy

  1. Increase microvascular perfusion, rate of phagocytosis (SWD), ATP activity
  2. Modulates cell growth & division ( Accelerates process, if slow; Inhibits process, if fast)
  3. Accelerates Ca2+ binding to
    calmodulin

A. Thermal effects
B. Non-thermal effects

A

All Non-thermal effects

21
Q

Modified TRUE OR FALSE:
CAPACITIVE PLATES are made of metal encased in plastic housing or transmissive carbon rubber electrodes. Heating is done by electrical field method.

A

TT

22
Q

Modified TRUE OR FALSE:

Contra-planar / Transverse
Positioning are plates in series on each side of body part. Co-planar Positioning
are plates that are perpendicular on same
body surface

A

TF, parallel

23
Q

The following statements are true about CAPACITIVE PLATES / ELECTRIC FIELD METHOD, EXCEPT:

A. Types of Electrodes/Condenser includes Plates & Pads

B. Example of Plates are Capacitor / Condenser Electrodes

C. Example of Pads are Flexible / Condenser Pads

D. The distance between condenser & skin
1-3 inches (2-10 cm)

E. None of the above

A

E

24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE on CAPACITIVE PLATES / ELECTRIC FIELD METHOD:

Most heating occurs on tissues with highest conductivity & produces more
heat on superficial tissues. It doesn’t penetrate as effectively to deeper tissues if less conductive tissues, such as fats, are present superficially

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

A

  • Tissue: Conductivity (Siemens/meter)
    Muscle: 0.7-0.9
    Kidney: 0.83
    Liver: 0.48-0.54
    Brain: 0.46
    Fat: 0.04-0.06
    Bone: 0.01
25
Q

TRUE OR FALSE about INDUCTIVE COILS / MAGNETIC FIELD METHOD:

Made up of a coil where AC flows.

AC produces magnetic field → induces electrical Eddy currents in tissues →
oscillation of charged particles → friction → generates heat.

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

A

26
Q

The following statements are true about INDUCTIVE COILS / MAGNETIC FIELD METHOD, EXCEPT:

A. Types of Electrodes/Condenser includes drums & sleeves with cables

B. Example of Drums include Diplode & Monode

C. Sleeves with cables have circumferential
effects on limbs

D. None of the above

A

D

27
Q

Modified TRUE OR FALSE about INDUCTIVE COILS / MAGNETIC FIELD METHOD:

Most heating occurs on tissues
with highest conductivity & heats tissues closest to the applicator. Ensure wide air gap between SWD & area to be treated.

A

TF. Ensure SLIGHT air gap between SWD & area to be treated.

28
Q

TRUE OR FALSE in Factors affecting field distribution of SWD:
* Spacing: closer distance to tissue → more superficial
* Electrode size: smaller → more superficial

A

TT

29
Q

The following statements are examples of non-thermal effect , EXCEPT:

A. Pulsed SWD (PSWD)

B. Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields
(PEMF)

C. Pulsed Electromagnetic Energy (PEME)

D. With “on” and “off” cycles

E. None of the above

A

E

30
Q

TRUE OR FALSE about MAGNETRON (CONDENSER):

  • Produces high-frequency AC
    in an antenna → electromagnetic field
  • Used for larger , defined
    areas

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

C, Used for smaller, defined
areas

31
Q

TRUE OR FALSE on MAGNETRON (CONDENSER):
* Most heating occurs on tissues
with highest conductivity;
however, it penetrates less
deeply than SWD.
* Distance = Few inches

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

A

32
Q

The following statements are true on MAGNETRON (CONDENSER) Tissue Heating, EXCEPT:

A. Shallow depth of penetration

B. Direct Absorption by the fatty tissues

C. Reflection at tissue interfaces

D. Risk for Burn on Superficial Skin or Fat

E. None of the above

A

E

33
Q

Match the following modality to its heat distribution

  1. Fat - minimum
  2. Muscle - maximum
  3. Bone - none
  4. Bone - low
  5. Muscle - moderate
  6. Fat - maximum
    7 Fat - slight

A. Inductive coil
B. Capacitative plate
C. Magnetron
D. Ultrasound

A
  1. A
  2. A,C,D
  3. A,C,D
  4. B
  5. B
  6. B,C
  7. D
34
Q

Match the following dosimetry to its indications of diathermy.

  1. Acute injuries (sprains, strains,
    etc.)
  2. Subacute injuries
  3. Pain, muscle spasm, chronic
    inflammation
  4. Increase blood flow, heating of
    collagen fibers for stretching of
    soft tissues

A. Dose 1
B. Dose 2
C. Dose 3
D. Dose 4

A
  1. A
  2. B
  3. C
  4. D
  • Commonly used intensity: mild, comfortable, dry warmth
  • Patient’s Perceived
    Tissue Heating

Dose 1: non-thermal
Dose 2: mild heat sensation
Dose 3: moderate heat sensation (comfortable)
Dose 4: vigorous heating

35
Q

TRUE OR FALSE on Indications for Diathermy.

Thermal level includes
▪ Pain control
▪ Accelerates tissue healing
▪ Decreases joint stiffness
▪ Increase soft tissue extensibility

A

T

36
Q

TRUE OR FALSE on Indications for Diathermy.

Non-thermal level includes:
▪ Pain and Edema Control
▪ Soft tissues healing
▪ Nerve and bone healing on animal studies

A

T

37
Q

The following statements are contraindications for diathermy on both thermal & non-thermal levels, EXCEPT:

A. Pacemakers, metal, electronic-implants

B. Malignancies

C. Thrombophlebitis

D. Over abdomen, low back or pelvis of pregnant women

E. None of the above

A

E

38
Q

TRUE OR FALSE. Contraindications for Diathermy In thermal level includes Over the eyes, testes, growing epiphyses of
children, Hemorrhage, Contact lenses. In Non-thermal level CI includes Deep tissues (internal organs)

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

A

39
Q

TRUE OR FALSE on Precautions of diathermy.
* External electronic medical devices nearby (EKG, EEG, TENS, & computer-controlled devices) = 3-5 m (10-16 ft) away from active diathermy devices

  • Copper-bearing intrauterine contraceptive devices

A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Only the 1st statement is true
D. Only the 2nd statement is true

A

A

40
Q

The following statements are precautions of diathermy, EXCEPT:
A. Obesity (Capacitive SWD & MWD)

B. Impaired sensation or circulation

C. Decreased consciousness

D. Over moist clothes or accumulated sweats

E. None of the above

A

E

41
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Adverse effects of diathermy include burns & blistering

A

T

42
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The ff are in the correct documentation format.

  • Continuous SWD or MWD x <distance> x 20 min on <treatment> to <rationale></rationale></treatment></distance>
  • Pulsed SWD x <distance> x 30-60 min x</distance>

<od/bid> on <treatment> to <rationale></rationale></treatment>

A

T

43
Q

The following statements are precautions of diathermy, EXCEPT:

A. Atrophic, infected or damaged skin

B. Over growing epiphyses of children (PSWD)

C. Excessive exposure of PT to radiation

D. 1-2 m (Continuous SWD); 0.5-1 m (PSWD)

E. None of the above

A

E

(2) Physical Modalities (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions