S3_L2: Examination of the Knee Joint Flashcards
the ff are true about KNEE JOINT, EXCEPT:
A. The biggest joint in the body
B. Is also known as the pivot joint
C. Is one of the most commonly injured joints in the body d/t its position that’s located anteriorly
D. Relatively superficial compared to the hip joint
E. Relatively less stable compared to the hip and ankle joint
B. Is also known as the square joint
modified T/F
PCL: from the tibia to the femur
- Backward, upward, lateral
ACL: from the tibia to the femur
- Forward, upward, medial
FF
ACL: from the tibia to the femur
- Backward, Upward, Lateral
PCL: from the tibia to the femur
- Forward, Upward, Medial
- mnemonics: ACL =BUL
PCL = FUM
T/F
Medial and Lateral meniscus is between the condyles of the femur and the plateaus of the tibia
T
match the ff ligaments
- primary function is to check anterior translation of the tibia and medial rotation of the tibia, valgus and varus movements are its secondary function or restraint
- main function is to check posterior translation and medial rotation of the tibia, secondarily checks valgus and varus forces
- primary function is to check for lateral tibial rotation and valgus force, secondary function is to check for anterior and posterior tibial rotation
- primary restraint is lateral tibial rotation and varus force, secondary function is to check for anterior
and posterior tibial translation
A. ACL
B. PCL
C. MCL
D. LCL
- A
- B
- C
- D
match the ff menisci
Shape
1. C shaped
2. 4/5 of a ring (circular or round)
Mobility
3. More mobile
4. Less mobile
Attachments
5. ACL, MCL, semimembranosus
(UNHAPPY TRIAD OF ODONOGHUE)
- PCL, popliteus
A. Medial meniscus
B. Lateral meniscus
- A
- B
mnemonics: (McLo) - B
- A
- A
- B
match the ff bursae
- Located anterior to the patella
- Located between the skin and patellar
tendon - Located between the patellar tendon and the bone
A. Superficial infrapatellar bursa
B. Deep infrapatellar bursa
C. Prepatellar bursa
- C
- A
- B
modified T/F
Strains commonly occur in the knee joint because the knee complex is surrounded by a lot of ligaments
radicular sx are shooting, burning pain and one that travels down the thigh
FT
Sprains commonly occur in the knee joint because the knee complex is surrounded by a lot of ligaments
T/F
Capsular pattern of knee joint:
flexion > extension
T
match the location of knee pain
- LCL, lateral meniscus (rarely), ITB
friction syndrome - meniscus, MCL
- patella, prepatellar bursa,
superficial/deep infrapatellar bursa - joint effusion, gastrocnemius
strain, PCL tear - pain with snapping & causes swelling of the popliteal bursa
A. Medial knee pain
B. Lateral knee pain
C. Anterior knee pain
D. Posterior knee pain
E. baker cyst
- B
- A
- C
- D
- E
modified T/F on BEHAVIOR OF SX
If not alleviated with rest then it’s d/t nonmechanical source, chemically induced (inflammatory reaction)
Hot and swollen joint without hx of trauma can be hemophilia, RA, infection, gout
TT
T/F
Deep knee pain are d/t the cruciate ligaments
T
match the REPORTS OF JOINT NOISE
- Common in pts with degenerative joint disease or knee OA
- ACL, MCL, coronary ligament, meniscus, most common in ACL tears (very audible)
- Meniscus, tendon
A. Grinding
B. Popping
C. Clicking
- A
- B
- C
modified T/F
squinting patella (medially displaced) while grasshopper’s (laterally displaced)
Camel sign is (patella alta)
TT
match the ff location of Tenderness
- ITBS
- meniscus
- superficial infrapatellar bursa
- prepatellar bursa
A. Lateral epicondyle
B. Medial joint line
C. Inferior to the patella
D. Anterior knee
- A
- B
- C
- D
modified T/F on Leg length
Apparent : ASIS to medial malleolus (both LE)
True: umbilicus to medial malleoli
(both LE)
FF,
True: ASIS to medial malleolus (both LE)
Apparent: umbilicus to medial malleoli
(both LE)
which of the ff are true about ROM lags
A. Common in ACL reconstruction
B. Apparent LOM in AROM
C. PROM is completed
D. Commonly seen in knee extension, ex: 10° extension lag
E. All of the above
E
match the ff myotomes
- ankle plantarflexors
- knee flexors
- big toe extensors
- ankle dorsiflexors
- knee extensors
- hip flexors
A. L2
B. L3
C. L4
D. L5
E. S1
F. S2
- E
- F
- D
- C
- B
- A
match the ff dermatomes: nerve root
- inguinal area
- midway between T12 and L2
- mid anterior thigh
- medial femoral condyle
- medial malleolus
- dorsal foot
- lateral malleolus
- popliteal fossa
- ischial tuberosity
A. T12
B. L1
C. L2
D. L3
E. L4
F. L5
G. S1
H. S2
I. S3
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
T/F
the ff are special tests for KNEE
Ligamental instability
- Valgus/varus stress test
- Hughston
- Varus/valgus test
- Anterior/posterior drawer
- Lachman/Reverse Lachman
- Posterior sag
- Slocum
- Pivot shift
T
special test for Meniscal injury, EXCEPT:
- Mcmurray’s
- Apley’s compression
- Bounce home
- Waldron
- Waldron
modified T/F
special test for Chondromalacia patella are Clarke’s sign & Waldron
For Swelling are Ballotable/patellar tap test, Brush test, Fluctuation test
TT
modified T/F
Temporal (time) parameters include:
Cadence, Step time: time spent on one
extremity & Stride duration: time spent on one gait cycle
Spatial (space) parameters include: Step length, BOS width, Stride length
TT
