S3_L2: Examination of the Knee Joint

Question 1

the ff are true about KNEE JOINT, EXCEPT:

A. The biggest joint in the body

B. Is also known as the pivot joint

C. Is one of the most commonly injured joints in the body d/t its position that’s located anteriorly

D. Relatively superficial compared to the hip joint

E. Relatively less stable compared to the hip and ankle joint

Answer 1

B. Is also known as the square joint

Question 2

modified T/F

PCL: from the tibia to the femur
- Backward, upward, lateral

ACL: from the tibia to the femur
- Forward, upward, medial

Answer 2

FF

ACL: from the tibia to the femur
- Backward, Upward, Lateral

PCL: from the tibia to the femur
- Forward, Upward, Medial

• mnemonics: ACL =BUL
  PCL = FUM

Question 3

T/F

Medial and Lateral meniscus is between the condyles of the femur and the plateaus of the tibia

Answer 3

T

Question 4

match the ff ligaments

1. primary function is to check anterior translation of the tibia and medial rotation of the tibia, valgus and varus movements are its secondary function or restraint
2. main function is to check posterior translation and medial rotation of the tibia, secondarily checks valgus and varus forces
3. primary function is to check for lateral tibial rotation and valgus force, secondary function is to check for anterior and posterior tibial rotation
4. primary restraint is lateral tibial rotation and varus force, secondary function is to check for anterior
   and posterior tibial translation

A. ACL
B. PCL
C. MCL
D. LCL

Answer 4

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

Question 5

match the ff menisci

Shape
1. C shaped
2. 4/5 of a ring (circular or round)

Mobility
3. More mobile
4. Less mobile

Attachments
5. ACL, MCL, semimembranosus
(UNHAPPY TRIAD OF ODONOGHUE)

6. PCL, popliteus

A. Medial meniscus
B. Lateral meniscus

Answer 5

1. A
2. B
   mnemonics: (McLo)
3. B
4. A
5. A
6. B

Question 6

match the ff bursae

1. Located anterior to the patella
2. Located between the skin and patellar
   tendon
3. Located between the patellar tendon and the bone

A. Superficial infrapatellar bursa
B. Deep infrapatellar bursa
C. Prepatellar bursa

Answer 6

1. C
2. A
3. B

Question 7

modified T/F

Strains commonly occur in the knee joint because the knee complex is surrounded by a lot of ligaments

radicular sx are shooting, burning pain and one that travels down the thigh

Answer 7

FT

Sprains commonly occur in the knee joint because the knee complex is surrounded by a lot of ligaments

Question 8

T/F

Capsular pattern of knee joint:
flexion > extension

Answer 8

T

Question 9

match the location of knee pain

1. LCL, lateral meniscus (rarely), ITB
   friction syndrome
2. meniscus, MCL
3. patella, prepatellar bursa,
   superficial/deep infrapatellar bursa
4. joint effusion, gastrocnemius
   strain, PCL tear
5. pain with snapping & causes swelling of the popliteal bursa

A. Medial knee pain
B. Lateral knee pain
C. Anterior knee pain
D. Posterior knee pain
E. baker cyst

Answer 9

1. B
2. A
3. C
4. D
5. E

Question 10

modified T/F on BEHAVIOR OF SX

If not alleviated with rest then it’s d/t nonmechanical source, chemically induced (inflammatory reaction)

Hot and swollen joint without hx of trauma can be hemophilia, RA, infection, gout

Answer 10

TT

Question 11

T/F

Deep knee pain are d/t the cruciate ligaments

Answer 11

T

Question 12

match the REPORTS OF JOINT NOISE

1. Common in pts with degenerative joint disease or knee OA
2. ACL, MCL, coronary ligament, meniscus, most common in ACL tears (very audible)
3. Meniscus, tendon

A. Grinding
B. Popping
C. Clicking

Answer 12

1. A
2. B
3. C

Question 13

modified T/F

squinting patella (medially displaced) while grasshopper’s (laterally displaced)

Camel sign is (patella alta)

Answer 13

TT

Question 14

match the ff location of Tenderness

1. ITBS
2. meniscus
3. superficial infrapatellar bursa
4. prepatellar bursa

A. Lateral epicondyle
B. Medial joint line
C. Inferior to the patella
D. Anterior knee

Answer 14

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

Question 15

modified T/F on Leg length

Apparent : ASIS to medial malleolus (both LE)

True: umbilicus to medial malleoli
(both LE)

Answer 15

FF,
True: ASIS to medial malleolus (both LE)

Apparent: umbilicus to medial malleoli
(both LE)

Question 16

which of the ff are true about ROM lags

A. Common in ACL reconstruction

B. Apparent LOM in AROM

C. PROM is completed

D. Commonly seen in knee extension, ex: 10° extension lag

E. All of the above

Answer 16

E

Question 17

match the ff myotomes

1. ankle plantarflexors
2. knee flexors
3. big toe extensors
4. ankle dorsiflexors
5. knee extensors
6. hip flexors

A. L2
B. L3
C. L4
D. L5
E. S1
F. S2

Answer 17

1. E
2. F
3. D
4. C
5. B
6. A

Question 18

match the ff dermatomes: nerve root

1. inguinal area
2. midway between T12 and L2
3. mid anterior thigh
4. medial femoral condyle
5. medial malleolus
6. dorsal foot
7. lateral malleolus
8. popliteal fossa
9. ischial tuberosity

A. T12
B. L1
C. L2
D. L3
E. L4
F. L5
G. S1
H. S2
I. S3

Answer 18

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. E
6. F
7. G
8. H
9. I

Question 19

T/F
the ff are special tests for KNEE
Ligamental instability

• Valgus/varus stress test
• Hughston
• Varus/valgus test
• Anterior/posterior drawer
• Lachman/Reverse Lachman
• Posterior sag
• Slocum
• Pivot shift

Answer 19

T

Question 20

special test for Meniscal injury, EXCEPT:

• Mcmurray’s
• Apley’s compression
• Bounce home
• Waldron

Answer 20

• Waldron

Question 21

modified T/F

special test for Chondromalacia patella are Clarke’s sign & Waldron

For Swelling are Ballotable/patellar tap test, Brush test, Fluctuation test

Answer 21

TT

Question 22

modified T/F

Temporal (time) parameters include:
Cadence, Step time: time spent on one
extremity & Stride duration: time spent on one gait cycle

Spatial (space) parameters include: Step length, BOS width, Stride length

Answer 22

TT