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S3 1538 > S3 M5 Human Development > Flashcards

S3 M5 Human Development Flashcards

1
Q

Does intellect decline with age

A

NO
just get a little slower

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2
Q

Is depression normal in older adults

A

NO
Neither is loneliness

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3
Q

Developmental delay

A

Continually consistently being on on gaining appropriate skills for age

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4
Q

5 areas of developmental delays

A

Cognitive
Social and emotional
Speech
Motor skills
Daily living

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5
Q

Complications for babies that can result in developmental delays

A

birth issues

Prematurity

Low weight

Asphyxia

Infection

Environment issues

Poor nutrition

Alcohol/drugs in mom

Fam violence

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6
Q

Chronic ear infections can result in developmental delays because

A

Baby hears speech differently and so pronounces things wrong

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7
Q

Nursing advice for developmental delsays

A

Early detection

fam NEEDS to seek emotional support

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8
Q

Aging and heart

A

HF

Atherosclerosis

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9
Q

Aging had lungs

A

Loss of elasticity

Difficulty breathing

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10
Q

Aging and GU

A

Incomplete emptying, creates need to pee

Leads to fall risk and infection

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11
Q

Aging and GI

A

v metabolism

constipation

+fiber

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12
Q

Aging and senses

A

Vision Hearing Taste and Smell

ALL DECREASE

PT will add salt

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13
Q

Menopause

A

1y without cycle

starts at 51y

ESTROGEN drop

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14
Q

Perimenopause

A

Transitional phase to the final menstrual cycle

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15
Q

Menopause

A

Hot flashes

CVD

osteoporosis

Breasts become fat

GI less absorbent

GU vag dryness, stress incontinence

Dry skin

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16
Q

Menopause management

A

Hormone replacement therapy

If pt has uterus pt will also need Progesterone, not just estrogen

Give lowest effective dose for shortest time

^ thromboembolic

^ breast cancer

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17
Q

For vaginal atrophy with menopause

A

Just use topical creams

DONT start on hormone therapy

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18
Q

Hormone replacement therapy contraindication HRT

A

Breast cancer

Thrombosis

Liver problems

Undiagnosed bleeding

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19
Q

Nursing management for HRT

A

Let pt know they ARE taking hormones

DVT s/s

Pulm/embolism s/s (new or worsening if pt already has dyspnea)

Weight bearing exercises, calcium and vit D

Annual mammogram for boob cancer

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20
Q

Social anxiety disorder

A

?

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21
Q

ADD/ADHD

A

Inattention

Impulsivity

Distractibility

Hyperactivity

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22
Q

3 types of hyperactive

A

Impulsive

Inattentive

Combined

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23
Q

Diagnosing adhd

A

Symptoms last more than 6 months

Symptoms begin before 7 years

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24
Q

to diagnose adhd before 17 pt must have

A

Must have 6 or more characteristics

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25
Q

Stimulant Meds for adhd

A

Dextroamphetamine - stimulant, loss of appetite, sleep problems, headaches

Atomoxetine - decreased appetite, n/v, sleep disturbance

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26
Q

Non stimulant ADHD meds

A

Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors

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27
Q

ADHD meds should be given to kids _ food

A

After

so they eat

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28
Q

Monitor ADHD kids for

give meds early so they can _

A

weight loss

sleep

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29
Q

Autism spectrum disorder

A
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30
Q

Autism first noticed at

A

Infancy/childhood

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31
Q

Key indicator for autism

A

Meeting development then stopping or regressing

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32
Q

Characteristics of autism

A

Failure to develop interpersonal friendships

not talking or cutting conversations

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33
Q

Warning signs of autism

A

?

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34
Q

Treatment for autism is

A

Varied due to spectrum

No same approach to all

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35
Q

Therapies for ASD

A

Behavioral and communication therapy

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36
Q

Meds for ASD

A

Stimulants

Antipsychotics

37
Q

Therapeutic play for ADHD

A

Used to understand a child’s thoughts and feeling and promote communication

38
Q

Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention

A

Intensive therapy for autism in childhood.

20-40h a week

39
Q

Behavior of autistic kids

A

Little eye contact and few facial expressions

Limited gestures

40
Q

Stereotyped motor behavior

A

Hand flapping

Body twisting

Head banging

Signs of autism

41
Q

Antipsychotics for ASD

A

Haloperidol

Risperidone

Aripiprazole

42
Q

Stimulants for ASD

A

Naltrexone

Clomipramine

Clonidine

43
Q

Regression in children between 12 to 36 months may be a sign of

A

Autism

44
Q

Screening for autism

A

MchatR

SCQ Social communication questionaire

PDDST pDevelopmental disorder screening test

45
Q

Interventions for ASD parents

A

Emotional support

Info about guidance and education

Stress the importance of having a routine

46
Q

Developmental disorder

A

Child of average intelligence has difficulty mastering basic academic skills

47
Q

Developmental disorder types

A

Dyslexia, cant read

Dyscalculia, cant math

Dyspraxia, cant dexterity

Dysgraphia, cant write

48
Q

Nursing management of developmental delays

A

Inform child of Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA)

This gives kids assistance in school and an Individualized Education Plan (IEP)

49
Q

Intellectual disability

A

IQ Bellow 75

Overall inability to learn

50
Q

Goal of therapy for Intellectually disabled

A

Achieve self sufficiency

51
Q

Perimenopause lasts

A

2 to 8 years

52
Q

Estrogen in menopause

A

Depleted

53
Q

Meds for menopause

A

SERMs

Bisphosphonates

Calcium and Vit D

54
Q

Breast and vagina maintanance with menopause

A

Mammograms for cancer

Vaginal creams to prevent atrophy

55
Q

Controversial treatment for menopause

A

HT

Hormone Therapy

56
Q

Symptoms of menopause

A

Hot flushes

Dryness vag

Libido loss

Night sweats

Stress incontinence

57
Q

Exercises for menopause

A

Weight bearing

58
Q

Number 1 cause of deaths for women

A

CVDs

Cardiovascular diseases

Problem with menopause

59
Q

Bleeding 1 year after menopause

A

Considered malignant until cause is discovered

60
Q

LDL in menopause

A

increases

61
Q

HT can result in

A

Breast cancer

DVTs

PEs

Liver problems

Uterine cancer

62
Q

Aging and cardiovascular system

A

v in output

slower recovery

^ bp

63
Q

health promotion for cardiovascular system

A

exercise

low fat low salt diet

check bp regularly

control weight

64
Q

aging and rep system

A

^ in residual volume

v in strength

v in gas exchange

v in diffusion

v in cough efficiency

65
Q

health promotion and resp system

A

exercise

^ fluid intake

flu and pneumonia vaccines

avoid upper resp infections

66
Q

Aging and integumentary system

A

v in subq fat

atrophy and decreased protection

v secretion of natural oils and sweat

fragility against trauma sun and temp

67
Q

health promotion of integumentary system

A

limit sun exposure to 15 min

dress for temp

hydrate

use lotions with petroleum and mineral oil

68
Q

Aging and reproductive system

Female

Male

A

Vag narrowing, v elasticity v secretions

Drop in fertility, less firm testes, decrease in sperm

69
Q

health promotion of reproductive system

Female

A

Estrogen replacement

gyno follow ups

use lube

70
Q

Aging and musculoskeletal system

A

Loss of bone mass

loss of muscle mass

joint degeneration

71
Q

health promotion and musculoskeletal system

A

Weight bearing exercise

Bone density screening

^ calcium and vit D

72
Q

Aging and genitourinary system

A

stress incontinence

Decrease in bladder strength/capacity

Male- benign prostatic hyperplasia

Female- urge incontinence

73
Q

health promotion and genitourinary system

A

don’t drink a lot in evening

avoid stimulants

don’t hold

empty bladder completely

74
Q

Aging and gastrointestinal system

A

v in thirst, smell and taste

v in salivation

difficulty swallowing

v in motility

75
Q

health promotion and gastrointestinal system

A

Gum care

small frequent meals

sit up after eating

^ fiber v fat diet

limit laxatives

76
Q

Aging and nervous system

A

v in brain volume

v in cerebral blood flow

v in nerve conduction

77
Q

health promotion and nervous system

A

pace teaching

encourage visits

enhance sensory stimulation

slow rising

fall prevention

78
Q

Aging and vision

A

v close vision

light glare irritation

pupils stiffen

v in contrast sensitivity

79
Q

health promotion and vision

A

Use sunglasses

use adequate lighting

avoid night driving

avoid glares

80
Q

Aging and hearing

A

v in frequency hearing

tympanic membrane thinning

difficulty with sound discrimination

81
Q

health promotion and hearing

A

hearing exams

reduce background noise

enunciate

face person

rephrase questions

82
Q

Aging and taste/smell

A

Decrease in ability

83
Q

health promotion and taste/smell

A

encourage use of lemon, spices, herbs,

recommend smoking cessation

84
Q

General adaptation syndrome for anxiety

stages

A

alarm stage

resistance stage

exhaustion stage

85
Q

Mild anxiety

A

something is different and warrants special attention

86
Q

Moderate anxiety

A

Something is definitely wrong/disturbing

mild difficulty concentrating but can be redirected to other topics

87
Q

Severe anxiety

A

defense responses

trouble reasoning

fight/flight/freeze

88
Q

Panic anxiety

A

Safety is primary concern of person

Cannot perceive

No rational thought

89
Q

Treatment for anxiety

A

Positive reframing

Decatastrophizing

Assertiveness training

S3 1538 (15 decks)

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