S2.4 Models to Materials

Question 1

condensation polymerisation

Answer 1

made from two different monomers that contain a functional group at either end

Question 2

condensation reaction

Answer 2

when two molecules join together resulting in the loss of a smaller molecule such as water

Question 3

ester

Answer 3

carboxylic acid + alcohol -> ester
COOH + OH -> COO

Question 4

polyamide

Answer 4

Nylon is a synthetic polymer used in many items of clothing

Question 5

Kevlar

Answer 5

condensation polymer used to make bullet proof vests, armoured materials & different types of composites

Question 6

Kevlar properties

Answer 6

• 1,4 diaminobenzene & benzene-1,4-dicarbonyl chloride
• cross linked by H bonds between polymer chains
• extremely strong and ordered 3D structure
• woven closely together & many layers
• fibres absorb impact

Question 7

Hydrolysis

Answer 7

reverse of condensation reactions
vitro=requires heat & acid/alkaline conditions
vivo=enzymes catalyse condensation reactions

Question 8

natural condensation polymers

Answer 8

• proteins => amino acids = peptide bonds
• polysaccharides= polymers of sugar
  => form disaccharides
  => energy storage & cell structure

Question 8

Alloy

Answer 8

Mixture of a metal with one or more other other elements

Question 9

Types of polymerisations

Answer 9

condensation & addition

Question 10

Addition polymers

Answer 10

involves unsaturated molecules

Double bonded alkanes mostly = always 3 monomers together

Question 11

Condensation polymers

Answer 11

release a small molecule when bodning

Question 12

Polymer examples

Answer 12

• Thermoplastics = can be remolded
• Thermosetting polymers = irreversibly molded
• Elastomers = flexible

Question 13

Peptide reacting with HCL

Answer 13

• peptide bond breaks
• -NH2 group is protonated to NH3+