S2-Network Fundamentals Flashcards
Clients
Devices that users access the network with.
Eg . Phones, Computers, tablets, workstations…
Servers
Provide resources to a network
Hubs
Older network devices that connect other devices over a local network.
Switches
Smarter hubs that provide more security and more efficient bandwidth utilization
Wireless Access Points (WAPs/APs)
Allow Wireless devices to connect to a wired network.
Routers
Used to connect different networks together.
Firewall
Security barriers between internal networks and external world.
Load Balancers
Devices/software that distribute network/application traffic across multiple servers.
Proxy
Acts as an intermediary between a user’s device and the internet.
What Functionalities can a proxy provide?
-Web Filtering
-Shared network connections
-Data caching
-Improved security and privacy
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)
detect unauthorized access or anomalies and alert admins
Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS)
Can Detect and take action to prevent intrusions
Controllers
Central units used to manage the floe control to networking devices. used in SDN’s (software Defined Networks)
Storage Area Network (SAN)
High-Speed Network that provides access to consolidated block-level data storage
Network-attached Storage (NAS)Device
Dedicated file storage system that provides data access to a heterogeneous group of clients
Media
Refers to the physical materials used to transmit data
Wide Area Network (WAN) Link
Used to connect networks over large geographical areas
Client/Server Model
Uses a dedicated server to provide access network resources
Peer-to-Peer Model
Machines can share resources directly
Benefits of Client/Server Model
- Centralized Administration
- Easier Management
- Better Scalability
Drawbacks of Client/Server
- Cost
- Dedicated hardware/software
- Requires specialized skillset
Benefits of Peer-to-Peer
- low cost
- No specialized OS
- No dedicated resources
Drawbacks of Peer-to-Peer
- Decentralized management
- Inefficient for large networks
- Poor Scalability
PAN
Personal Area Network
- Smallest type of wired or wireless network.
- covers about 10ft or less
LAN
Local Area Network
- Connects components in a limited distance
- covers about 100m/300ft
Wi-Fi Standard
IEEE 802.11
Ethernet Standard
IEEE 802.3
CAN
Campus Area Network
- A building-centric LAN that is spread across numerous buildings in a certain area
MAN
Metropolitan Area Network
- Connects locations that are scattered across the city
- covers more/less 25mi
What does a Physical Network Topology display?
represents how the devices & components are physically cabled and connected together, as well as their location.
What does a Logical Topology Display?
Represents how data traffic actually flows through the network
Point - to - Point
Direct Connection between 2 devices
Ring Topology
Each device is connected to 2 other devices forming a circular path.
what is FDDI?
Conducts data transmissions on fiber optic lines in a LAN
- covers about 125mi
- Operates on a dual ring structure for redundancy
Bus Topology
All devices are connected to a single central cable (Backbone)
Star Topology
Each node is connected back to a central point devices (switch).
Hub and Spoke
Central node (hub) is connected to other hubs via multiple nodes (spokes)
Mesh
Point to point connection between every single device on the network.
What is Infrastructure mode?
most common type of wireless network that features a WAP as it’s central node.
Ad Hoc Mode
Decentralized wireless network that creates peer to peer connections without a need for a router/AP.
Wireless Mesh
An interconnection of different types of nodes, devices and radios
Datacenter
A facility that is used to Organize, process, store and disseminate large amounts of data.
Three-Tiered Hierarchy
Core
-consists of 2 or more routers
- used to combine 2 separate networks into 1
Aggregation/Distribution
- consists of layer 3 switches
- creates boundary definition through access lists & filters.
Access/edge
- connects all endpoint devices
- uses regular switches
Collapsed Core
Network topology where the Core and Distribution layers are merged.
Spine and Leaf
2- tiered Network topology that focuses on the communication within the datacenter itself.
- Spine layer connects leaf layer switches in a full mesh
- leaf layer switches connect directly to access layer devices
- can give faster speeds and lower latency
North- South traffic
Northbound traffic leaving data center
Southbound traffic entering the datacenter
East - West traffic
Data moving within the Data center
