S2 L2: Intro to Splinting Flashcards
The actual making of the splint.
Splinting Fabrication
Device that is being fabricated.
Splint
Devices that provide support or augments function.
Orthosis
During the 1700s, most splints were made of metal until _____ was discovered.
Plaster of Paris
3 important Splinting Materials
- Heat (135-180 Degrees F)
- Orthoplast (Actual Material)
- Thermoplastic material
What are the Splinting Handling Materials?
(Hint: M, D, D, E, B, S, O)
Memory
Drapability
Durability
Elasticity
Bonding/Adherence
Self-Finishing Edges
Other considerations
What are the Splint Performance Characteristics?
(Hint: C, F, D, R, M, F)
Comfortability
Durability
Rigidity
Moisture Permeability and Air
Finish
What are the Splinting Procedures?
- Make the pattern
- Trace, heating, and cutting
Adjustments - Strapping
- Padding
- Edge Finishing
- Reinforcement
This padding does not contain holes
Closed Cell Padding
This padding doe contain holes.
Open Cell Padding
What is the primary purpose of Static Splinting?
To immobilize body structures to help prevent further deformity and prevent soft tissue contractures.
T/F: Static splinting is highly recommended for chronic injuries so as not to aggravate the condition.
False.
It is highly recommended for acute injuries.
What is the primary purpose of Dynamic Splinting?
To mobilize areas of the body and have 1 or more movable parts to substitute for loss of motor function.
T/F: Wires and screws are the main mechanism of a dynamic splint.
True.
T/F: (1) Dynamic Splinting aids in fracture alignment and wound healing. (2) Though it does not correct an existing deformity.
(1) True
(2) False
Common goal for orthotic device for static splinting.
Pain Relief
Common goal for orthotic device to prevent further injuries.
Immobilization and Protection
Common goal for orthotic device if there is a presence of a fracture.
Reduction of Axial Load
Common goal and purpose for the use of orthotic device.
Prevention and Correction of Deformity (Static); Improvement of Function (Dynamic)
Why is pressure distribution a principle of orthotic application?
To unload areas that have excessive weight bearing especially in bony prominences.
Why is comfort a principle of orthotic application?
Because the patient should be comfortable while using orthosis in their daily activities.
Why is wearer independence a principle of orthotic application?
Because we want out patient to independent in everything they do.
Why is conservation of energy an principle of orthotic application?
Because it is recommended when patient wants to be physically active.
T/F: Simplicity and durability of materials is not a principle of orthotic application.
False.
It is!
5 Types of Orthotic Materials
Metals, Leather, Rubber, Plastics, Fabrics
The disadvantage of using metal as a material for orthotic appliances is that the weight is heavy which sacrifices _____.
The patient’s conservation of energy
T/F: The advantage of using metal as a material is that it is strong, durable, resistant to deformation ,and fatigue-resistant.
True!
This type of metal has a high strength:weight ratio. It is low cost but heavy and expensive.
Steel
This type of metal is corrosion resistant, high strength to weight ratio, and has a low endurance limit.
Aluminum
This type of metal is more resistant to corrosion , durable, and light weight. Though it is costly.
Titanium & Magnesium
This type of orthotic material can retain a molded shape permanently, vegetable tanned, and for texture which helps prevent skin irritation.
Leather
This material is one of the basic components of an orthotic device, especially for shoes. It has good resistance to cold and aging, and has good tear and abrasion resistance.
Rubber
This orthotic material is synthetic and can be molded, extruded, laminated into a desired form. It is suitable for direct application with little or no toxicity.
Plastics
This type of plastic uses a temperature of 80 degrees to become workable and maybe shaped directly to the body.
Low temperature Thermoplastics
This type of plastic should be first made into a negative mold and used to make the positive mold.
High temperature thermoplastics
This type of plastic material develop a permanent shape when heat and pressure are applied and maintain a memory.
Thermosetting Plastics
This orthotic material is used as a lining and protects the skin to provide comfort, permit selective yield, or to aid in fastening or snug fit.
Fabrics
This orthotic material aids in smoother donning & doffing.
Fabrics
This orthotic type of source of power is muscle contraction
Internally Powered
This orthotic type of source of power is batteries.
Externally powered
This criteria of splint is a single directional force and affects motion at one or multiple joints within a segment in a similar manner.
Simple Splint
This criteria of splint affects motion at two or more joints within a segment in a dissimilar manner through opposing force system.
Compound Splint
This criteria of splint is designed to influence the amplitude of the long extrinsic tendons on a given joint or joints. It is mostly applicable to dynamic splints.
Long Splints
Splint to use if all joints of a digital ray are similarly affected.
Finger or Thumb
Splint to use for affectation of the wrist and hand.
WHO: Wrist Hand Orthosis
This type of splint keeps the wrist raised upward to prevent flexion deformity.
Cock-up Splint
