s10 - Early Childhood Caries Flashcards
What is the most common term used for early childhood caries?
Nursing-Bottle Caries
What are some alternative names for early childhood caries?
Baby-bottle caries, Nursing bottle syndrome, Baby-bottle tooth decay, Nursing caries
According to AAPD, what age group is affected by ECC?
Children under the age of six
What is the criterion for diagnosing severe ECC (S-ECC) in children aged 3 to 5?
- The presence of cavitated, missing, or filled smooth surfaces in primary maxillary anterior teeth
- or a decayed, missing, or filled score of ≥4 (age 3), ≥5 (age 4), or ≥6 (age 5)
What differentiates ECC from normal dental caries?
ECC affects primary teeth of young children, typically maxillary anterior teeth
What are inappropriate nursing habits contributing to ECC?
Prolonged breastfeeding or bottle-feeding with sweetened liquids
How does prolonged use of sweetened comforters contribute to ECC?
They pool sugary liquids around teeth, creating a medium for acidogenic bacteria.
What are the primary bacteria associated with ECC?
Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli
Why is reduced salivary flow during sleep a factor in ECC?
It decreases clearance of cariogenic liquids, increasing decay risk.
How does breast milk contribute to ECC?
The lactose in breast milk can be cariogenic when pooled around teeth for long durations.
Which teeth are most commonly affected by ECC?
Maxillary anterior incisors
What are the initial clinical signs of ECC?
Chalky white demineralization at the cervical area
What characterizes the damaged stage of ECC?
Marked discoloration and early toothache from cold stimuli
What is observed during the deep lesion stage of ECC?
Larger lesions, possible pulpal involvement, and spontaneous pain at night
What signifies the arrested stage of ECC?
Dark brown to black appearance of lesions after caries arrest
What is a key component of the community-based prevention approach?
National educational programs for caregivers to influence dietary habits
When should a child have their first dental examination?
By age one, as recommended by AAPD
Name a preventive treatment applied professionally.
Topical fluoride application
What is the first step in treating active ECC lesions?
Cessation of the causative habit
When is general anesthesia considered for treating ECC?
In cases of extensive caries in very young, non-cooperative children
How is rampant caries defined by Massler?
A rapidly progressing type of caries affecting typically immune teeth with early pulpal involvement
What emotional factors can contribute to rampant caries?
Stress, anxiety, emotional disturbances, and cravings for sweets
What is a distinguishing feature of rampant caries?
Involvement of proximal surfaces of lower anterior teeth
What is the primary indication for using SSCs?
Extensive carious lesions affecting more than two surfaces
Why are SSCs recommended after pulpotomy?
To protect brittle teeth post-pulp therapy from fracture
What is a common cause of SSC failure?
Poor tooth preparation leading to inadequate retention
Name a recent advancement in SSCs.
Resin-veneered SSCs for improved esthetics
What type of cement is commonly used for SSC cementation?
Zinc phosphate cement
How should SSCs be adapted to the tooth during placement?
They should extend 1mm beneath the gingiva with a proper snap fit.
What is a major disadvantage of zirconia crowns compared to SSCs?
High cost and inability to contour
