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Pedodontics > Local Anaesthesia > Flashcards

Local Anaesthesia Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of local anesthetics?

A

Temporary loss of sensation in one part of the body without loss of consciousness.

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2
Q

Why is pain control important in pediatric dentistry?

A

Minimizing pain reduces negative feelings towards dental treatments in the future.

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3
Q

What is the cornerstone of success in pediatric dental procedures?

A

Painless injection.

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4
Q

Which nerve supplies maxillary teeth and their buccal muco-periosteum?

A

Maxillary branch (2nd division) of the trigeminal nerve.

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5
Q

Which nerve innervates the maxillary central, lateral incisors, and canines?

A

Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve.

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6
Q

What is the nerve responsible for the palatal muco-periosteum of maxillary incisors?

A

Naso-Palatine Nerve.

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7
Q

What nerve supplies mandibular central and lateral incisors, and canines?

A

Incisive Nerve (Terminal Branch of Inferior Alveolar Nerve).

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8
Q

What nerve innervates the buccal muco-periosteum of mandibular anterior teeth?

A

Mental Nerve.

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9
Q

Which nerve supplies the lingual muco-periosteum?

A

Lingual Nerve.

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10
Q

What is the depth of penetration for topical anesthesia?

A

2-3 mm.

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11
Q

What is the aim of using topical anesthesia?

A

To reduce discomfort during the needle’s initial penetration.

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12
Q

Which forms are available for topical anesthesia?

A

Gel, Spray, Patches (dermatological use).

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13
Q

What is the most effective topical anesthetic agent for children?

A

Benzocaine 20%.

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14
Q

What is the mechanism of action of local anesthetics?

A

They block sodium channels, preventing nerve signal transmission.

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15
Q

What should be applied to dried mucosa before using topical anesthesia?

A

Anesthetic gel.

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16
Q

How is the mandibular foramen positioned in children compared to adults?

A

It is more posterior and at a lower level in children under 4 years old.

17
Q

How does bone density change with age?

A

Bone density increases as age progresses.

18
Q

Which injection technique is recommended for maxillary teeth in children?

A

Infiltration anesthesia.

19
Q

What is the alternative to palatal infiltration in children?

A

Intra-papillary injection.

20
Q

How should inferior alveolar nerve block be administered in children?

A

The syringe is directed between the two primary molars on the opposite side.

21
Q

What are the signs of successful inferior alveolar nerve block?

A

Tingling of the lower lip and tongue, no pain during treatment.

22
Q

What is an alternative to the inferior alveolar nerve block in children?

A

Mental nerve block.

23
Q

What areas are anesthetized by a mental nerve block?

A

Pulp and buccal muco-periosteum of teeth on one side.

24
Q

Why is it important to avoid fear-promoting words during local anesthesia administration?

A

It helps manage anxiety and improves cooperation during the procedure.

25
Q

What is the proper positioning of the child in the dental chair for local anesthesia?

A

Head and heart parallel to the floor, feet slightly elevated.

26
Q

What is the most common complication after local anesthesia in children?

A

Postoperative soft tissue injury (biting of lip, tongue, or cheek).

27
Q

What causes anesthetic toxicity in children?

A

High blood levels of anesthetic due to intravascular injection or overdose.

28
Q

How do allergic reactions to local anesthetics manifest?

A

Urticaria, dermatitis, angioedema, fever, anaphylaxis.

29
Q

What is paresthesia in the context of local anesthesia?

A

Persistence of anesthetic symptoms beyond the expected duration due to nerve trauma.

30
Q

How can postoperative soft tissue injuries be prevented in children?

A

Educating the patient and parent, using precautions such as biting guards.

Pedodontics (5 decks)

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