S1 Stroke Flashcards
What is a stroke?
Sudden onset, focal neurological deficit of presumed vascular origin, lasting more than 24hrs or leading to death.
Doesn’t include trauma, infection or tumours.
What is the pathophysiology of stroke?
Reduction in cerebral blood flow, alterations inc cellular chemistry, cellular necrosis.
What is OEF?
What is the OEF for the brain?
Oxygen extraction fraction.
30%
What are the three anatomical areas of a stroke?
Oligemia: subnormal flow with normal function
Penumbra: Clinical symptoms
Core: Region of cell death
How does the body physiologically compensate during a stroke?
Resistance vessels dilate to maintain flow.
Flow decreases, oxygen extraction fraction increases to compensate.
OEF decreases, so metabolic rate of oxygen use decreases.
What are the causes of an ischaemic stroke?
Thrombosis of large or small arteries.
Embolism from heart or proximal arteries.
What is the most common cardiac cause of an embolism?
Atrial fibrillation.
What treatments are available for stoke? (7)
Aspirin Anticoagulant Carotid surgery Endarterectomy Thrombolysis Recanalisation Stentrievers
