S1 Pathologies Flashcards
Emphysema:
Irreversible chronic lung condition
Lungs loose elasticity
Air not able to be expelled during expiration
“Deflated ballon appearance”
Aspiration:
Foreign objects in the air passageway (bronchus)
Right bronchus most common due to shape
Atelectasis:
Collapse of portion or all of lung due to obstruction or puncture
Empyema:
Pus in the pleura space
Caused by chest wounds or obstructions
Dsypnea:
Shortness of breath
Hemothorax:
Blood in the pleura space
Pleura effusion:
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleura space
Pleurisy:
Inflammation of the pleura space
Pneumonia:
Accumulation of fluid in CERTAIn SECTIONS of the lung
(Don’t get confused with pulmonary edema)
Pneumothorax:
Accumulation of air in the pleura space
Pulmonary edema:
Excess fluid in the lung
Ascites:
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneum cavity
Pneumoperitoneum:
Free air or gas in the peritoneum cavity
Crohn’s disease:
Inflammation of the intestinal wall
Results in bowl obstruction
Intussusception:
Telescoping of a section of bowel into another loop
Creates an obstruction
Volvulus:
Twisting of a loop in the intestine
Creates an obstruction
Ileus non mechanical bowel obstruction:
Paralysis of ileus
Lack of intestinal mobility
Can cause obstruction
Carpal tunnel syndrome:
Compression of median nerve of wrist
Painful disorder
Common in Middle Aged women
Fracture:
Break in the structure of bone
By Force
Barton’s fx:
Fx or dislocation of the posterior lip of the distal radius
Bennett fx:
Fx to the base of the first metacarpal bone (thumb)
Boxers fx:
Fx to the fifth metacarpal
Common from fights
Colles fx:
Distal radius goes posterior
Radius and ulna go anterior
Smiths fx:
Distal radius goes anteriorly
Radius and ulna go posteriorly
Joint effusion:
Acclimated fluid in joint space
Osteoarthritis:
Degenerative joint disease
Osteomyelitis:
Infection of bone or bone marrow
Osteopetrosis:
Hereditary disease of Abnormally dense bone
Osteoporosis:
Reduction in the quantity of bone
Skiers thumb:
Sprain or tear in the ligament of the thumb
Idiopathic chronic adhesive capsulitis:
Frozen shoulder
Limited motion due to possible calcification
Shoulder dislocation:
Traumatic removal of humeral head from glenoid cavity
Hill-sachs defect:
Compression fx of the humeral head
Pulmonary embolism:
Sudden blockage of artery in lung