S1: Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Course of Olfactory Nerve

Answer 1

Question 2

Lesions in Olfactory Nerve Cause …..

Answer 2

• Anosmia
• Parosmia

Question 3

Def of Anosmia

Answer 3

Loss of smell

Question 4

Causes of Anosmia

Answer 4

• Congenital
• Acquired

Question 5

Causes of Anosmia

• Congenital

Answer 5

….

Question 6

Causes of Anosmia

• Acquired

Answer 6

• Local Infection in nose
• Lesion in olfactory tract
• Lesion in olfactory Cortex

Question 7

Acquired Causes of Anosmia

• Lesions of the olfactory tract

Answer 7

Question 8

Acquired Causes of Anosmia

• Lesions of the olfactory cortex

Answer 8

Question 9

Unilateral Anosmia = ……

Bilateral Anosmia = ………

Answer 9

• Neurological
• ENT

Question 10

Def of Parosmia

Answer 10

• abnormal unpleasant smell with or without a persistent unpleasant olfactory hallucination.

Question 11

Causes of Parosmia

Answer 11

• Head injury
• Depressive illness

Question 12

What does Optic Nerve represent?

Answer 12

• The optic nerve are the axons of the ganglion cells of the retina.

Question 13

Course of Optic Nerve

• Decussation

Answer 13

(Fibres from the temporal half of The retina pass without crossing, while fibres from the nasal half of the retina decussate to the opposite side)

Question 14

Course of Optic Nerve

• Clinical Significance for Light Reflex

Answer 14

—-> The Lateral Geniculate Body

• (where the majority of fibres terminate and a small portion subserving the light reflex, bypass the geniculate body to reach the Edinger Westphal nucleus on both sides and pass to ciliary ganglia and from there a new set of fibres extend to the sphincter pupillae muscles).

Question 15

Course of Optic Nerve

• The main arterial supply of the visual cortex is the …..

Answer 15

PCA

Question 16

Course of Optic Nerve

• The Macula receives additional supply from the ……

Answer 16

MCA

Question 17

Lesions in Optic Nerve

Answer 17

Question 18

Lesions in Optic Nerve

• 1

Answer 18

Question 19

Lesions in Optic Nerve

• 2

Answer 19

Question 20

Lesions in Optic Nerve

• 3

Answer 20

Question 21

Lesions in Optic Nerve

• 4

Answer 21

Question 22

Lesions in Optic Nerve

• 5

Answer 22

Question 23

Lesions in Optic Nerve

• 6

Answer 23

Question 24

Muscles supplied by Occulomotor Nerve

Answer 24

• All muscles supplied by 3 except SO4 & LR6

Question 25

Course of Occulomotor Nerve

Answer 25

Question 26

Occulomotor Nerve

• CP of 3rd Nerve Palsy

Answer 26

Question 27

Course in Trochlear Nerve

Answer 27

Question 28

Supply by Trochlear Nerve

Answer 28

• It enters orbit through the SOF, It terminates on the superior oblique muscle of the opposite side to the nucleus of origin.

Question 29

Lesions of Trochlear Nerve

Answer 29

Question 30

4th Nerve Palsy

Answer 30

Question 31

Course of Abducent Nerve

Answer 31

Question 32

Muscles innervated by Abducent Nerve

Answer 32

Lateral Rectus

Question 33

Lesion in Abducent Nerve

Answer 33

1. Paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle.
2. Convergent squint.
3. Diplopia apparent on abduction.

Question 34

6th Nerve Palsy

Answer 34

1. Paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle.
2. Convergent squint.
3. Diplopia apparent on abduction.