S/S Mod 1

Question 1

What are s/s of hypovolemia?

What does it do to your weight, skin, urine, CVP, veins, v/s, mental status?

Answer 1

Weight loss, sluggish skin turgor, oliguria, low CVP <4, flattened neck veins, thirst, confusion, orthostatic hypotension, weak and rapid pulse, decreased temperature

Question 2

What are s/s of hypervolemia?

Answer 2

Weight gain, edema, distended neck veins, crackles, high CVP >12, bounding pulse, polyuria, increased blood pressure

Question 3

What are s/s of hyponatremia?

Answer 3

Sodium <135, anorexia, n/v, headache, weakness and lethargy, muscle cramps, twitching, seizures

Question 4

What are s/s for hypernatremia?

Answer 4

Sodium >145, thirst, high body temp, swollen, dry tongue, sticky mucus membrane, irritability

Question 5

What are s/s of hypokalemia?

Answer 5

Potassium <3.5, fatigue, anorexia, n/v, muscle weakness, decreased bowel motility, ventricular asystole or fibrillation, paresthesias, flat T waves

Question 6

What are s/s for hyperkalemia?

Answer 6

Potassium >5, muscle weakness, tachycardia dropping to bradycardia, dysrhythmias, flaccid paralysis, paresthesias, irritability, anxiety, tall tented T waves

Question 7

What are s/s of hypocalcemia?

Answer 7

Calcium <8.5, tetany (muscle spasms), convulsions, numbness and tingling, Chvosteks and Trosseaus

Question 8

What are s/s of hypercalcemia?

Answer 8

Calcium >10.5, muscle weakness, dysrhythmias, polyuria, polydipsia, constipation, neurosis

Question 9

What is the first sign of shock?

Answer 9

Tachycardia. Increased HR >100.

Question 10

What are s/s of hypovolemic shock?

Answer 10

tachycardia, weak peripheral pulses, agitation and restlessness resulting from cerebral hypoxia, cool and clammy skin, decreased urine output.

Question 11

What is a late sign of malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 11

Increase in body temperature

Question 12

What is an early sign of malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 12

Tachycardia >150 and muscle rigidity

Question 13

What are s/s of hemorrhage?

Answer 13

Hypotension, restlessness, decreased cardiac output, air hunger, feeling of impending death

Question 14

What is Chvostek’s and Trosseau’s sign?

Answer 14

Chvostek’s sign is the twitching of the facial muscles in response to tapping over the area of the facial nerve. Trousseau’s sign is carpopedal spasm caused by inflating the blood-pressure cuff to a level above systolic pressure for 3 minutes

Question 15

What is the first sign of hypoxia?

Answer 15

Restlessness/agitation

Question 16

What are s/s of neurogenic shock?

Answer 16

dry, warm skin, hypotension with bradycardia,