S&S

Question 1

S&S of Osgood-schlatter’s disease?

Answer 1

Pain at tibial tubercle, worse with kneeling or any activities. Tibial tubercle can be large, red or sensitive.

Question 2

S&S of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?

Answer 2

Begin with a small limp early on, pain in the groin or medial thigh. Sometimes referred nerve pain down to the knee. As it progresses will lead to decreased ROM and potentially muscle atrophy

Question 3

S&S of Sever’s disease?

Answer 3

Pain and point tenderness just below the achilles insertion on the calcaneus. Seen in active children 7-15. Often have tight calves/hamstrings, which can exacerbate symptoms.

Question 4

S&S of Freiberg’s disease?

Answer 4

Increased unilateral pain throughout the forefoot with WB, especially in propulsion. Swelling can occur under affected joint. Stiffness and lack of ROM.

Question 5

S&S of Kohler’s disease?

Answer 5

Child will walk with an inverted foot, as contact on the navicular causes significant pain. Often walk with a limp as well, as WB increases pain. Pain and tenderness over navicular, possible swelling.

Question 6

S&S of tarsal coalition?

Answer 6

Vague heel or ankle pain, aggravated by activity. Lack of subtalar joint ROM

Question 7

S&S of an accessory navicular?

Answer 7

Medial foot pain localized over the navicular. Children will present with chronic, bruising or aching pain, accompanied by a recent increase in activity. Adults more likely to have acute onset, sharp pain. Both will have palpable tenderness over the area with inflammation

Question 8

S&S of clubfoot?

Answer 8

History of surgeries or treatments as a child. Both bilateral and unilateral. Affected foot will be smaller and shorter, with varying degrees of forefoot equinus, forefoot adduction, and RF varus. Cavovarus foot type.

Question 9

S&S of plantar fasciitis?

Answer 9

Plantar foot pain often at the antero-medial calcaneus. Morning pain, pain after a long day, sometimes sharp/tearing feeling, other times an achey feeling. Pain with hallux dorsiflexion. Pain can be at the heel or closer to the MT heads

Question 10

S&S of plantar fibromas?

Answer 10

Large, palpable bump located along the fascia. May have pain with palpation. Little discomfort early on, can progress to be significant pain if it grows.

Question 11

S&S of calcaneal stress fractures?

Answer 11

Insidious onset of pain that gradually gets worse. Localized to the area of the fracture, tenderness over the area

Question 12

S&S of heel fat pad syndrome?

Answer 12

Swollen heel, painful walking, pain with standing, tenderness, redness or bruising over the area. History may have trauma to the heel, like a big fall.

Question 13

S&S of a haglund’s deformity?

Answer 13

Noticeable bump on one side of the achilles, just proximal to its insertion on the calcaneus. Pain with palpation or pressure on the deformity. Pain when wearing shoes but none when barefoot.

Question 14

S&S of retrocalcaneal bursitis?

Answer 14

Dull, aching pain local anteriorly to the achilles tendon insertion. More pronounced with passive dorsiflexion, pain as well. Onset can occur after activity on an incline, such as a high elevation hike.

Question 15

S&S of achilles tendinopathy?

Answer 15

Palpable soreness along the achilles tendon. Depends on stage of tendinopathy. Early stages will have thickening of the tendon, and will eventually degenerate. Often have previous injury to the achilles. Decreased function and swelling typical.

Question 16

S&S of tarsal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 16

Painful, burning, paresthesia. Can sometimes wake people up in the night. Rest does not alleviate symptoms. Symptoms worsen with activity. Key characteristic is that symptoms don’t go away with rest.

Question 17

S&S of PTTD?

Answer 17

Pain and swelling along post tib tendon, decreased function due to decreased stride length and cadence. Lateral RF impingement can occur secondary to later stages. Feelings of rolling in on the affected foot. Inability to perform a single heel raise.

Question 18

S&S of peroneal tendinopathy?

Answer 18

Pain behind and bellow the lateral malleolus, as distal as the base of the 5th. Ankle instability, potential previous lateral ankle sprains.

Question 19

S&S of cuboid syndrome?

Answer 19

Direct point tenderness or boney ache over the cuboid. Possible swelling, with pain potentially radiating to the 4th and 5th MT bases. Can have pain at rest. Transferring weight from RF to FF can be painful.

Question 20

S&S of lisfranc injury?

Answer 20

With acute cases, pain, redness ands welling will be present at the dorsum. Ecchymosis can occur between toes and calcaneus. Difficulty bearing weight, pain with FF inv/ev against the RF. Can lave permanent dorsal exostosis after healing.

Question 21

S&S of Morton’s syndrome?

Answer 21

No direct symptoms, just secondary symptoms. Presence of a short first ray. First MT head will be shorter than the 3rd MT head. Patient dealing with secondary symptoms often have issues with the second toe, including stress fractures or general pain. Overuse of FDL causes hammering of the second toe.

Question 22

S&S of Morton’s neuroma?

Answer 22

Feeling of a lump under the foot, walking on a rolled sock. Sharp, throbbing, even dull pain. Radiating or burning pain at plantar aspect of intermetatarsal space. Numbness and tingling, sometimes radiating into adjacent toes.

Question 23

S&S of MTPJ synovitis?

Answer 23

Pain at or under the affected joint. Walking on a marble in the ball of their foot. Tender, warm, swollen sensation under affected area. Hammering toes.

Question 24

S&S of MTPJ capsulitis?

Answer 24

Pain under central ball of foot, redness and swelling around the affected joint, and sensation of walking on a stone. Stone sensation worse when barefoot. Pain can be intermittent if activity levels aren’t consistent.

Question 25

S&S of flexor tenosynovitis?

Answer 25

Stiffness or pain during or after activity. Rubor or swelling may be present abou the synovia. Crepitus also common in FT if the tendon is in motion. Can cause swelling in medial ankle and anterior to the calcaneus.