Potential Pathomechanical Gait Causes Flashcards
What can cause central or medial heel strike?
FF Varus, RF Valgus, PTTD, pain avoidance, femoral anteversion
What can cause an excessively lateral heel strike?
RF Varus, rigid FF valgus, rigid PF 1st ray, tibial or genu varum, pain avoidance
What can cause a forefoot strike at initial contact?
Pes equinus, pain avoidance, LLD, injury causing lack of knee extension
What can cause flat foot strike?
Excessive knee flexion, shuffle gait/short stride length
What can cause a low heel strike?
Limited DF, Pes equinus, excessive knee or hip flexion
What can cause excessive pronation in early midstance?
FF Varus, RF Valgus/Varus, Pes equinus, PTTD, hypermobile 1st ray
What can cause excessive RF eversion during early midstance?
FF Varus, RF Valgus/Varus, pes equinus
What can cause excessive supination/rear foot inversion during early midstance?
FF Valgus, PF 1st ray, conditions causing rigid cavovarus feet (CMT, Clubfoot)
What can cause foot slap during early midstance?
Weak anterior lower limb musculature, nerve injuries/conditions affecting these muscles (stroke, CMT, back injury)
What can cause prolonged pronation during midstance?
FF Varus, RF Valgus, PTTD
What can cause a lack of pronation/supination in midstance?
Rigid FF Valgus, rigid PF 1st ray, RF Varus
What can cause an early heel lift?
Pain avoidance, excessive knee or hip flexion, pes equinus, FF Varus
What can cause an abductory twist?
Tight posterior lower limb musculature, hallux limitus/rigidus, FHL
What can cause a lack of resupination at heel lift?
FF Varus, RF Valgus, PTTD, pes equinus
What can cause a delayed heel lift?
Weak plantarflexors, pain avoidance at the fore foot
What can cause a low gear toe off?
Hallux limitus/rigidus, FHL, excessive resupination, Morton’s foot
What can cause a medial toe off?
Prolonged probation, hallux limitus/rigidus, hyper mobile 1st ray
What can cause a poor push off (flat footed or pick up)?
Pain avoidance at forefoot, weakness of posterior lower limb, shuffle gait, limited knee flexion
What can cause pronation through swing phase?
FF Varus, PTTD, tib ant weakness
What can cause circumduction during swing phase?
Low gear TO, abductory twist, lack of hip or knee flexion, pain avoidance, linger limb in LLD
What can cause toe drag during swing phase?
Lack of dorsiflexion, foot drop, lack of hip or knee flexion
What can cause contralateral vaulting during swing phase?
Lack of hip or knee flexion on one side only (typically after surgery or injury), LLD
What can cause excessive knee flexion during swing phase?
Lack of dorsiflexion at the ankle, instability in older adults
What can cause high stoppage gait?
Conditions causing foot drop, leading to high stepping as a compensation
