S&S

Question 1

5: Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing and/or rapid respiration
4: Cyanosis, Wheeze
3: Diaphoresis
2: Crackles
1: Orthopnoea, pink frothy sputum

Answer 1

ACPO

Question 2

5: Nausea and/or Vomiting
4: Abdominal pain
3: Tingling/numbness of mouth, lips, tongue
2: Swelling of lip, face, eyes
1: Urticaria, itching and welts (weal-like swellings)

Answer 2

Allergic reactions

Question 3

5: Hypotension, Wheeze
4: Chest pain/discomfort/tightness
3: Difficult/noisy breathing; Difficulty speaking; Persistent cough
2: Subjective airway impairment, tightness or swelling (swollen tongue, laryngeal oedema, stridor)
1: Altered conscious state; Pale and floppy (young children)

Answer 3

Anaphylaxis

Question 4

5: Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing and/or rapid respiration
4: Wheeze
3: Silent chest
2: Hyperinflated chest
1: Pulsus paradoxus in severe attacks

Answer 4

Asthma

Question 5

5: Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing and/or rapid respiration
4: Bradycardia
3: Sudden and/or severe hypertension
2: Pounding headache, worsening as BP rises
1: Sweating and flushing above level of injury and skin pallor below level of injury

Answer 5

Autonomic dysreflexia

Question 6

Headache, Nausea and/or Vomiting

Answer 6

Blue ring octopus/cone shell

Question 7

5: Altered conscious state, Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing and/or rapid respiration
4: Cyanosis, Hypertension
3: Diaphoresis
2: Bradycardia, Tachycardia
1: Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT):Pulse >180bpm, rapid onset, regular, with diaphoresis and signs or symptoms of reduced cardiac output.

Answer 7

Cardiac dysrhythmia

Question 8

5: Altered conscious state
4: Hypotension
3: Wheeze
2: Dysrhythmias/arrhytmias
1: Pulmonary oedema

Answer 8

Cardiogenic shock

Question 9

5: Tachycardia
4: Cyanosis, SVT
3: Distended jugular veins; Swelling of ankles, lower legs and sacral area
2: Severe heart failure may present as cardiogenic shock
1: If severe failure, may also present with lethargy and/or dyspnoea; Nodal or complete AV block as an infarction result

Answer 9

Congestive cardiac failure

Question 10

5: Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing and/or rapid respiration
4: Cough
3: Sputum production
1: History of exposure to risk factors for the disease

Answer 10

COPD

Question 11

5: Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing and/or rapid respiration
4: Fever
3: Recession; sternal, intercostal, subcostal, suprasternal-tracheal tug
2: Hoarse voice, nasal flaring
1: Barking cough; stridor

Answer 11

Croup

Question 12

5: Altered conscious state
4: Dysphasia or slurred speech
3: Confusion and/or ataxia and/or poor reflexes
2: Convulsions/seizures
1: In circumstances or settings potentially conducive to hyperthermia

Answer 12

Heat stroke

Question 13

5: Altered conscious state, Hypotension
4: Nausea and/or Vomiting, Tachycardia
3: Skin: warm & dry; visual disturbances
2: Polydipsia, polyuria
1: High BGL; Dehydration/sunken eyes; Fatigue/Lethargy

Answer 13

Hyperglycemia

Question 14

5: Altered conscious state
4: Convulsions/Seizures; Headache
3: Diaphoresis; Tachycardia
2: Weakness and/or trembling and/or shaking
1: Abnormal behaviour

Answer 14

Hypoglycemia

Question 15

5: Altered conscious state
4: Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing and/or rapid respiration
3: Hypotension
2: Tachycardia
1: Cardiovascular response (pulse or blood pressure) to changes in posture

Answer 15

Hypovolemic shock

Question 16

5: Dysphasia or slurred speech
4: Confusion and/or ataxia and/or poor reflexes
3: Fatigue/Lethargy; Weakness and/or trembling and/or shaking
2: Respiratory weakness/bradypnoea/arrest
1: Shivering may cease

Answer 16

Mild hypothermia

Question 17

5: Hypotension
4: Confusion and/or ataxia and/or poor reflexes
3: Bradycardia
2: Dilated pupils
1: Muscle rigidity

Answer 17

Moderate hypothermia

Question 18

5: Altered conscious state
4: Hypotension
3: Bradycardia.
2: Skin: warm & dry

Answer 18

Neurogenic shock

Question 19

5: Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing and/or rapid respiration
4: Difficulty speaking; Wheeze
3: Cough
2: Recession; sternal, intercostal, subcostal, suprasternal-tracheal tug
1: Nasal flaring, Cyanosis

Answer 19

Pediatric asthma

Question 20

5: Abdominal pain
4: Nausea and/or Vomiting
3: Visual disturbances
2: Increasing BP, Pregnant
1: Convulsions/Seizures; Hyper-reflexia

Answer 20

Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia

Question 21

5: Altered conscious state
4: Hypotension
3: Skin: warm & dry
2: Hyperventilation
1: Evidence of infection

Answer 21

Septic shock

Question 22

5: Dysrhythmias/arrhytmias
4: Flaccid muscles
3: Fixed pupils.
2: Cardiac arrest

Answer 22

Severe hypothermia

Question 23

5: Altered conscious state; Headache; Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing and/or rapid respiration
4: Convulsions/Seizures; Cyanosis; Wheeze
3: Burns; Chest pain/discomfort/tightness; Cough
2: Hoarse voice, skin changes, stridor
1: Eye damage; soot in nose or throat, bright red skin (very late sign)

Answer 23

Smoke/CO inhalation

Question 24

5: Abdominal pain; Altered conscious state; Nausea and/or Vomiting
4: Dysphasia or slurred speech; Headache; Visual disturbances
3: Dysphagia; dyspnoea; Weakness, numbness or paralysis
2: Drooping eyelids; Confusion
1: Puncture mark or no mark; bite may be painless; swelling of lymph glands; respiratory or cardiac arrest

Answer 24

Snakebite

Question 25

5: Headache, Visual disturbances
4: Confusion and/or ataxia and/or poor reflexes; dysphagia; dysphasia or slurred speech
3: Dizziness, light-headedness or vertigo
2: Weakness, numbness or paralysis
1: Loss of balance or an unexplained fall

Answer 25

Stroke/CVA

Question 26

5: Abdominal pain, Altered conscious state
4: Diaphoresis; Nausea and/or Vomiting
3: Chest pain/discomfort/tightness; Dizziness, light-headedness or vertigo
2: Anxiety or restlessness; Pallor
1: Brief but sudden loss of consciousness, signs of trauma sustained

Answer 26

Syncope