RVT-Muscle Function Drugs Flashcards
What happens when a muscle is depolarized?
The muscle is activated and releases calcium which then allows the muscle to contract
What enzyme deactivates the muscle to prepare it for its next impulse?
Acetylcholinerase which acts on the acetylcholine clearing the receptor sites.
What are the 4 categories of muscle function drugs?
Anti inflammatory
Spasmolytics
Anabolic steroids
Muscle paralysers/neuromuscular blockers
What are the 2 sub-categories of muscle anti inflammatories?
Glucocorticosteroids (steroidal)
NSAID’s (non-steroidal)
How do steroidal and non-steroidal drugs differ?
Steroidal drugs are chemically related to cortisone
Non-steroidal drugs are synthetic and unrelated to any naturally occurring hormones
How can glucocortiosteroids affect the body in a negative way?
Alter the immune system
How do NSAID’s work?
Inhibit prostaglandin synthesis
How do neuromuscular blockers work?
These drugs work as competitive non-depolarizers blocking ach from the receptor sites = muscle is unable to contract
What drug is an example of a muscle paralyser?
Pancuronium / Pavulon
Which drugs work as reversal agents for the competitive non-depolarizers?
Neostigmine
Edrophonium
How do the muscle paralyzing reversal agents work?
Complete with acetylcholinerase which then allows ach to build up in the neuromuscular junction
What are the side effects of neostigmine and edrophonium?
Miosis
Bronchoconstriction
Salivation
How do spasmolytics work?
Stop the release of calcium into the muscle
Depress nerve transmission
What drugs are spasmolytics?
Methocarbamol
Guafenesin
Diazepam
Dantrolene
Which drug is used as a spasmolytic for skeletal muscle with inflammation or trauma?
Methocarbamol
Which spasmolytic works primarily on pharyngeal and laryngeal muscle?
Guafenesin
Which spasmolytic is a centrally acting muscle relaxant?
Diazepam
Which drug is a peripherally acting muscle relaxant that inhibits calcium release from the muscle causing it to be less responsive to nerve impulses?
Dantrolene
Which muscle affecting drugs work to build tissue by their affect on proteins?
Anabolic steroids
Which anabolic steroid is a synthetic drug?
Stanozol
Stan is Synthetic
Which anabolic steroid is primarily used in horses?
Boldenone
Bold Warrior
Which anabolic steroid causes erythropoiesis and is affective for treating anemia?
Nandrolone
What is a neuromuscular junction?
The location at which the motor nerve fibre attaches to the muscle cell
