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RVT- Pharmacology > RVT-Muscle Function Drugs > Flashcards

RVT-Muscle Function Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What happens when a muscle is depolarized?

A

The muscle is activated and releases calcium which then allows the muscle to contract

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2
Q

What enzyme deactivates the muscle to prepare it for its next impulse?

A

Acetylcholinerase which acts on the acetylcholine clearing the receptor sites.

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3
Q

What are the 4 categories of muscle function drugs?

A

Anti inflammatory
Spasmolytics
Anabolic steroids
Muscle paralysers/neuromuscular blockers

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4
Q

What are the 2 sub-categories of muscle anti inflammatories?

A

Glucocorticosteroids (steroidal)

NSAID’s (non-steroidal)

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5
Q

How do steroidal and non-steroidal drugs differ?

A

Steroidal drugs are chemically related to cortisone

Non-steroidal drugs are synthetic and unrelated to any naturally occurring hormones

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6
Q

How can glucocortiosteroids affect the body in a negative way?

A

Alter the immune system

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7
Q

How do NSAID’s work?

A

Inhibit prostaglandin synthesis

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8
Q

How do neuromuscular blockers work?

A

These drugs work as competitive non-depolarizers blocking ach from the receptor sites = muscle is unable to contract

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9
Q

What drug is an example of a muscle paralyser?

A

Pancuronium / Pavulon

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10
Q

Which drugs work as reversal agents for the competitive non-depolarizers?

A

Neostigmine

Edrophonium

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11
Q

How do the muscle paralyzing reversal agents work?

A

Complete with acetylcholinerase which then allows ach to build up in the neuromuscular junction

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12
Q

What are the side effects of neostigmine and edrophonium?

A

Miosis
Bronchoconstriction
Salivation

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13
Q

How do spasmolytics work?

A

Stop the release of calcium into the muscle

Depress nerve transmission

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14
Q

What drugs are spasmolytics?

A

Methocarbamol
Guafenesin
Diazepam
Dantrolene

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15
Q

Which drug is used as a spasmolytic for skeletal muscle with inflammation or trauma?

A

Methocarbamol

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16
Q

Which spasmolytic works primarily on pharyngeal and laryngeal muscle?

A

Guafenesin

17
Q

Which spasmolytic is a centrally acting muscle relaxant?

A

Diazepam

18
Q

Which drug is a peripherally acting muscle relaxant that inhibits calcium release from the muscle causing it to be less responsive to nerve impulses?

A

Dantrolene

19
Q

Which muscle affecting drugs work to build tissue by their affect on proteins?

A

Anabolic steroids

20
Q

Which anabolic steroid is a synthetic drug?

A

Stanozol

Stan is Synthetic

21
Q

Which anabolic steroid is primarily used in horses?

A

Boldenone

Bold Warrior

22
Q

Which anabolic steroid causes erythropoiesis and is affective for treating anemia?

A

Nandrolone

23
Q

What is a neuromuscular junction?

A

The location at which the motor nerve fibre attaches to the muscle cell

RVT- Pharmacology (6 decks)

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