Russian Revolution-Rise of Dictators Flashcards
Who was the czar of Russia prior to the revolution?
Czar Nicholas II
What were the causes of the Russian Revolution of 1917?
lack of rights under Czar Nicholas II, “Bloody Sunday”, loss in the Russo-Japanese war, bad working conditions, WWI
What was “Bloody Sunday”?
Russian people protested outside the Czar’s palace, his guards kill protestors
What was the March Revolution of 1917?
Czar Nicholas abdicated the throne, provisional gov’t put in his place
Who was Vladimir Lenin?
communist revolutionary who led the Bolshevik party (communists) in Russia
What did Vladimir Lenin promise the Russian people?
“Peace, Land and Bread”
What was the November Revolution?
Bolsheviks (led by Lenin) overthrew the Russian gov’t
Why was the Russian revolution a huge turning point in history?
led to the first communist country (Russia)
What was Lenin’s NEP?
New Economic Policy-allowed for some capitalism in the Soviet Union to help the lower classes recover after the Russian civil war
Who took power after Lenin died?
Josef Stalin (remember he beat out Trotsky!)
What was Josef Stalin’s economic policy called?
Five Year Plans
What were the Five Year Plans under Stalin?
modernize & increase industrial production (were successful)
What was collectivization?
Stalin’s policy to increase agriculture-put farmers on state owned farms, established quotas, killed off kulaks (wealthy farmers).
Was collectivization a success?
NO-huge failure-led to a forced famine (ie. Ukraine-9 million deaths alone)
What was the Great Purge?
Stalin purged the party of political opponents
What is totalitariaism?
When one leader has TOTAL control over the lives of the citizens (ie. gov’t, economy, school, religion, media)
Who was the fascist leader of Italy?
Mussolini
What is fascism?
one party rule, promotes extreme nationalism, state before the individual, glorifies violence
How did the Treaty of Versailles lead to the rise of Hitler?
put Germany in economic depression, Hitler promised to revive German greatness
Which political party was Hitler the head of?
The Nazi Party
What was the name of Hitler’s anti-semitic book that he wrote in jail?
Mein Kampf
These laws were passed by Hitler and severely restricted the rights of Jews in Germany….
Nuremberg Laws
“Night of Broken Glass”-Nazi soldiers destroyed Jewish synagogues, businesses, homes, etc.
Kristallnacht
What was the Hitler Youth?
Hitler’s program to indoctrinate the youth of Germany, similar to Mussolini
What was Hitler’s secret police called?
Gestapo
