Middle East Flashcards

1
Q

What was the Balfour Declaration?

A

The British promise to give the Zionists Palestine

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2
Q

What was the Sykes-Picot agreement?

A

Secret agreement between the British and the French to partition the Ottoman Empire after its collapse

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3
Q

What was the Zionist movement?

A

Movement for a homeland for the Jewish population in Palestine

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4
Q

What is the PLO?

A

Palestinian Liberation organization

Goal-initially to destroy Israel, later recognized Israel in the Oslo Accords

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5
Q

The conflict over Israel is between…

A

Palestinian Arabs (Muslims) and Israelis (Jews)

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6
Q

What were the Camp David Accords?

A

An official peace agreement between Egypt and Israel, mediated by the US

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7
Q

What were the Oslo Accords?

A

A peace agreement between the PLO and Israel, gave Palestinians self-rule in the West Bank and Gaza strip

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8
Q

What was the intifada?

A

Uprising/protests of Palestinians under Israeli rule

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9
Q

What did Shah Reza Pahlavi do?

A

westernized and modernized Iran

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10
Q

Why did Ayatollah Khomeini do in Iran

A

revolution, overthrew the Shah in 1979, instituted an Islamic fundamentalist government

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11
Q

Which Egyptian leader nationalized the Suez Canal?

A

Gamal Abdel Nasser

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12
Q

Who was the leader of Iraq who invaded Kuwait?

A

Saddam Hussein

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13
Q

What is OPEC? What do they do?

A

Organization of Petroleum Exporting countries

Control world’s oil supply, regulate prices

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14
Q

What was Arab Spring?

A

began in 2010 in Tunisia, revolutions in Middle East and northern Africa (Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Syria)

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15
Q

What are some modern-day problems in the Middle East?

A

lack of water, political instability, ciivl wars, terrorist organizations

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