Enlightenment Flashcards

1
Q

Enlightenment

A

Age of Reason, time the philosophers aimed to get people more rights from government

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2
Q

Scientific Revolution

A

a time period where scientists used reason, experimentation, and observation to come up with new theories, often contradicting the Roman Catholic Church

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3
Q

Heliocentric theory

A

Sun-centered model of the solar system, created by Copernicus

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4
Q

Galileo

A

confirmed Copernicus’ heliocentric theory using a astronomical telescope

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5
Q

Absolutism

A

form of government where the leader has total control over the people

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6
Q

Divine Right

A

belief that a ruler’s right to rule comes from God

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7
Q

John Locke

A

English philosopher who believed that people deserved natural right-“life, liberty, and property”.

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8
Q

Voltaire

A

French philosopher who believed people should have freedom of speech and religion

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9
Q

Baron de Montesquieu

A

French philosopher who believed that a gov’t should be divided into three branches, separation of powers, and checks and balances

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10
Q

Jean Jacques Rousseau

A

Philosopher who believed in “general will” -the will of the majority rules

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11
Q

Mary Wollstonecraft

A

English philosopher who advocated for equal rights for women

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12
Q

Enlightened Despot

A

a king/queen who incorporated Enlightenment ideas into their government
ie. Catherine the Great, Frederick the Great, Joseph II

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