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Ap Euro > Russian Revolution > Flashcards

Russian Revolution Flashcards

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1
Q

The guy in charge when nap was in power. Initially wanted to be enlightened despot. After 1815 he’s reactionary and wants to keep liberal reforms done. Naps contemporary. Starts cracking down on liberal reforms

A

Czar Alexander I

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2
Q

First major attempt to stop liberalism. Everyone swore to uphold Christian principles of charity and peace. Complete failure because its too ideological. Very few signed it.

A

Holy Alliance

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3
Q

Nicholas I came after Alex I died. They wanted Constantine to rule and it was a revolt against Russia’s autocratic system. Very “left”. Left=liberal. Only upper class liberal revolt in Russia. Nicholas executed most of them.

A

Decembrist Uprising

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4
Q

Reactionary rightist thinking monarch. Motto- “autocracy orthodoxy nationality”. One of the most reactionary of the czars. Maintain order. Censorship and the third section (secret police)

A

Nicholas I

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5
Q

Believe that the Mir is superior to anything the west has to offer. They’re socialists. They don’t like autocracy but they like the czar and the Orthodox Church. Don’t like bourgeoisie.

A

Slavophiles

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6
Q

They thought Russian culture was still genius but want to expand it and share it. Want industrialization. Want a constitution.

A

Westerners

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7
Q

Greatest reformer. Think serfdom is holding Russia back and establish

A

Alexander II

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8
Q

abolished serfdom. Allowed the mirs to gain land to distribute among the serfs.

A

Emancipation Act 1861

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9
Q

Communes. Had to pay back gov to pay back landlords. Don’t have innovation or experimentation. No improved ag.

A

mirs

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10
Q

Local assemblies for districts or villages. Ran things at local level. Nobles controlled it.

A

zemstovs

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11
Q

to destroy the state

A

Anarchy

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12
Q

led anarchists

A

Bakunin

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13
Q

Even worse than Nicholas I. Very reactionary very conservative.

A

Alexander III

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14
Q

He’s in control and everybody is becoming Russian instead of maintaining nationality. If you aren’t orthodox they persecute you.

A

Autocracy, orthodoxy, Russification.

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15
Q

Severe Jewish persecutions.

A

pogroms

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16
Q

Pushed Zionism: establishment of Jewish homeland in Palestine.

A

Herzl

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17
Q

Prime minister. Westernizing. Brought in advanced tech to compete w/ west. In charge of transsiberian railroad.

A

SY Witte

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18
Q

Last czar. Immediately has many problems.

A

Nicholas II

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19
Q

Who controls Manchuria and Korea? Lost much land at port Arthur.

A

Russo-Japanese War

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20
Q

Ends Russo Japanese war. Roosevelt ends it. Japan gets everything. Russia stops expanding eastward. Goes to Balkans.

A

treaty of portsmouth

21
Q

Peasants marched to palace for reform and were shot down. Set off series of strikes lasting until October.

A

Bloody Sunday

22
Q

Discussion question.

A

Revolution of 1905

23
Q

Creates the Duma

A

October manifesto

24
Q

First National Assembly. Meets first in 1906. Advisory body for czar. First two are critical and Nicholas dismisses them.

A

Duma

25
Q

Appointed by Nicholas II to be prime minister. Tries to break up the mirs and encourage private ownership of land. He’s assassinated. Achieved Econ recovery.

A

Stolypin

26
Q

The original founder of social democratic workers party. Ends up in exile in Switzerland in 1898. Heir to Marxist thought. In 1903 the sdwp it splits to two parties.

A

Lenin

27
Q

Want slow change. Mass Democratic Party participation. Revisionist.

A

Mensheviks

28
Q

Followers of Lenin and all about violent rev. Anti revisionist. Want professional rev elite.

A

Bolsheviks

29
Q

Head of Petrograd soviet and leader of red army. One of lenins closest colleagues.

A

Trotsky

30
Q

The single most important cause of this was the war. The huge Number of deaths in WWI. Trigger is women rioting for bread.

A

February Revolution

31
Q

Mystical mad monk. Assassinated by aristocracy.

A

Rasputin

32
Q

Constitutional democrats, socialists out of sdwp, Democrats, liberals, menshoviks. Created when czar abdicates. Want to continue war=downfall.

A

provisional government

33
Q

The leader of provisional gov. Leader of Petrograd soviet. Recognizes union. Supported by Petrograd soviet.

A

kerensky

34
Q

The workers and army in st. Petersburg. Overthrew czar.

A

petrograd soviet

35
Q

Issued by Petrograd soviet. Get rid ofSeries of directives issued by Lenin to the Petrograd soviet that rejects cooperation with provisional gov. Says they’re too bourgeoise and need to go for rev. military officers loyal to czar and replace with committees. Loss of military discipline.

A

army order no.1

36
Q

August 1917. When conservatives try to overthrow provisional gov. Loses creditability with the army.

A

Kornilov Affair

37
Q

The rev where the It results in communist dictatorship of the bolheciks.

A

October Revolution

38
Q

Core group of Bolsheviks that organize october rev. Leaders are Lenin Trotsky and Stalin.

A

Politburo

39
Q

The group loyal to Bolsheviks and overthrow prov gov. Pretty much the Petrograd soviet. Allows comm party to take over.

A

Red Army

40
Q

Secret police. Take out any opponent to Bolsheviks.

A

Cheka

41
Q

New name for Bolsheviks. After they’re in control of the gov.

A

Communist Party

42
Q

Treaty that ends WWI for Russia. Loses 25% of land and 1/3 of pop. Most of Russian pop lives on this land.

A

Treaty of Brest-Litovks, 1918

43
Q

Reds vs whites: Bolsheviks vs Mensheviks and army officers that want to dictate and those loyal to czar. Whites have no common leader.

A

Russian civil war

44
Q

Well organized by Trotsky. Undone problems caused by army order I.

A

Reds

45
Q

Bunch of differnt groups.

A

Whites

46
Q

Earliest form of socialism in Russia. Applies total war to the civil war. Gov took over all land, Cheka liquidated stuff.

A

“war communism”

47
Q

After civil war is over Lenin takes the 12 Russian republics to make ussr.

A

Union of soviet socialist republics (USSR)

48
Q

what caused the rev of 1905 SHORT ANSWER

A

Liberalism. Small mid class that wants change. The poor showed in Russo Japanese war. Poor economy. Because they’re now industrialized there’s a larger proletariat.

49
Q

Series of directives issued by Lenin to the Petrograd soviet that rejects cooperation with provisional gov. Says they’re too bourgeoise and need to go for rev.

A

April thesis

Ap Euro (6 decks)

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