Russian - AOS 1

Question 1

Coronation of Tsar Nicholas II

Answer 1

14 May 1896

Question 2

Khodynka Tragedy

Answer 2

• 1300+ trampled
• Further 1300 injured

Question 3

Tsar quote on representative government

Answer 3

“I shall never agree to a representative form of government, because I consider it harmful to the people whom God has entrusted to my care.”

Question 4

Russo-Japanese War

Answer 4

1904-1905

Question 5

Battle of Tsushima

Answer 5

28 May 1905
- 10,000 sailors killed or captured
- Russian Baltic Fleet destroyed after travelling for 8 months

• Russia humiliated, discredited at the Treaty of Portsmouth; Japan supreme nation of Asia

Question 6

Russo-Japanese quote

Answer 6

“The Japanese are infidels. The might of Holy Russia will crush them.”

Question 7

Bloody Sunday

Answer 7

• Poor working conditions, low wages, poor treatment
• Sacking of 5 workers at Putilov Steel Work
• 9 January 1905
• 150,000 workers led by Gapon, petition the Tsar at Winter Palace
• 200 killed, 800 injured
• 400,000 workers strike in January alone

Question 8

Bloody Sunday quote

Answer 8

“There is no God any longer. There is no Tsar.” (Gapon)

Question 9

October Manifesto

Answer 9

• 17 October 1905
• Granted civil liberties, such as freedom of speech and assembly
• Creation of a State Duma
• Ensured universal male suffrage

Question 10

Fundamental State Laws

Answer 10

• 23 April 1906
• Ensured Tsar possessed constitutional and legislative power
• Ministers could only be appointed by Tsar, did not answer to the Duma
• Re-asserted tsarist autocracy

Question 11

FSL quote

Answer 11

“The Russian state is one and indivisible.” (Nicholas II)

Question 12

Stolypin’s Reforms of 1906

Answer 12

• Affordable land made available to peasants, offered them credit to purchase land + equipment
• Introduced fairer taxes and medical aid
• Compulsory education
• 3,000 revolutionaries executed between 1905-19011
• 21,000 exiled to Siberia
• Growth in industry and foreign trade, proportion of land owners, decreased national debt

Question 13

Lena River Massacre

Answer 13

• 4 April 1912
• 6,000 workers strike
• Government troops kill 250 workers

Question 14

Lena River quote (Kerensky)

Answer 14

“Incompatible with human dignity.”

Question 15

Lena River quote (Stalin)

Answer 15

“The Lena River shots broke the ice of silence, and the river of popular resentment is flowing again.”

Question 16

WW1 date

Answer 16

28 June 1914

Question 17

Germany declares war on Russia

Answer 17

19 July 1914

Question 18

Tannenburg

Answer 18

18 August 1914
- 130,000 casualties
- 100,000 POWs

Question 19

Masurian Lakes

Answer 19

2 September 1914
- 60,000 casualties

Question 20

Nikolai Nikolaevich quote

Answer 20

“I have no rifles, no shells, no boots.”

Question 21

Nicholas II takes command of Army

Answer 21

August 1915

Question 22

WW1 food riots

Answer 22

1914 - 1916
- Petrograd receives 6,556 of 12,000 food wagons needed per month

Question 23

WW1 inflation

Answer 23

By late 1916, currency printing and spiralling food prices had pushed inflation to almost 400 per cent.

Question 24

Durnovo quote

Answer 24

“A social revolution in its most extreme form will be unavoidable in Russia.”

Question 25

February Revolution

Answer 25

22 February to 3 March 1917

Question 26

Feb Revolution Historian Perspective (Wood)

Answer 26

“The February Revolution was caused by the spontaneous upsurge of the politically radicalised masses.”

Question 27

Feb Revolution Historian Perspective (Pipes)

Answer 27

“The immediate cause of the [February] Revolution of 1917 would be the collapse of Russia’s fragile political and economic structures under the strains of war.”

Question 28

Tsar Abdicates

Answer 28

2 March 1917

Question 29

Provisional Government date

Answer 29

15 March 1917

Question 30

Stolypin quote on Duma

Answer 30

“An assembly representing the majority of the population would never work.”

Question 31

Duma failure

Answer 31

230 land owners vs 60,000 peasants

Question 32

Red Guard

Answer 32

40,000

Question 33

PG Historian Perspective

Answer 33

“In order to survive the Provisional Government had to keep Russia in the war, but in doing so it destroyed its own chances of survival.” (Lynch)

Question 34

October Revolution

Answer 34

25 October 1917

Question 35

Lenin returns to Petrograd

Answer 35

7 October 1917

Question 36

October Revolution Historian Perspective

Answer 36

“In October 1917, the Bolsheviks were pushing against an already open door.” (Lynch)

Question 37

October Revolution Quote 1

Answer 37

“History will not forgive us if we don’t take power now.” (Lenin)

Question 38

October Revolution Quote 2

Answer 38

“If we seize power today, we seize it not in opposition to the soviets but on their behalf.” (Lenin)

Question 39

Kornilov Affair

Answer 39

10 - 13 September 1917

Question 40

Milrevcom
- Date
- What

Answer 40

• Oct 1917
• Plan paramilitary responses to the Provisional Government

Question 41

Petrograd Soviet
- When
- Whom
- Controlled

Answer 41

• 12 March 1917
• Soldiers and workers
• Railways, communications, army

Question 42

Soviet Order No. 1

Answer 42

• Military activity controlled by Soviet
• Any order issued by PG must be ratified by the PS first

Question 43

WW1 Historian Perspective (Hill)

Answer 43

“war accelerated the development of revolutionary crisis”

Question 44

Rasputin Perspective

Answer 44

“Disease affecting Russian politics” (Lynch)

Question 45

February Rev. strikes

Answer 45

200,000