Rule out diagnoses Flashcards
What need to be ruled out before you make a diagnosis of Adjustment Disorder? 6
- Acute Stress Disorder (extremely severe stressor that elicits multiple psychological symptoms, e.g., intrusive distressing memories, withdrawal, or dissociation lasting up to 2-4 weeks)
- MDD
- PTSD
- Personality Disorders
- Psychological factors affecting other medical conditions
- Normative stress reactions
What needs to be ruled out before you make a diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa? 9
Medical condition causing weight loss MDD resulting in lack of appetite and weight loss Substance abuse disorders Bulimia Nervosa Social anxiety disorder Body dysmorphic disorder OCD Schizophrenia Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
What needs to be ruled before you make a dx of Antisocial Personality Disorder? 6
Criminal behavior Substance abuse Narcissistic personality disorder Paranoid personality disorder Hypomanic episode in bipolar II disorder Cyclothymic disorder
What needs to be ruled before you make a dx of ADHD? 18
Normal temperamental characteristics Depressive disorders Bipolar disorders Anxiety disorders Intermittent explosive disorder Oppositional defiant disorder Stereotypic movement disorder Tourette's disorder Autism spectrum disorder Specific learning disorder Substance use disorders Personality Disorders Neurocognitive disorders Psychotic disorders Medication-induced symptoms Reactive attachment disorder Intellectual disability Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
What need to be ruled out before you make a dx of Autism Spectrum Disorder? (11)
Congenital hearing impairment Schizophrenia with childhood onset Psychosocial deprivation Childhood schizophrenia Rett Disorder (in girls) OCD Schizoid personality disorder Selective mutism Language Disorders Social communication disorders ADHD Intellectual disability without autism spectrum disorder Stereotypic movement disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Avoidant Personality Disorder? 6
- Social phobia (experiences significant anxiety symptoms in social situations)
- Dependent personality disorder (mainly seeks care from others)
- Schizoid personality disorder (is content with little social contact)
- Agoraphobia
- Substance use disorders
- Personality change due to another medical condition
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Bipolar I Disorder? (15)
Bipolar II disorder Schizophrenia Substance use disorders Delirium Cyclothymic disorder MDD Bipolar disorder due to another medical condition Personality disorders Disorders with prominent irritability ADHD Substance/medication-induced bipolar disorder Panic disorder GAD and other anxiety disorders PTSD
What need to be ruled out before you make a dx of Body Dysmorphic Disorder? (12)
Normal appearance concerns Psychotic disorders Anorexia and other eating disorders Gender dysphoria MDD Avoidant personality disorder OCD Delusional disorder, somatic type Koro Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders Anxiety disorders Illness anxiety disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Borderline Personality Disorder? (11)
- Histrionic personality disorder
- Narcissistic personality disorder
- Paranoid personality disorder (do not include self-destructive behavior or feelings of aloneness)
- Depressive disorders
- Bipolar disorders
- Personality change due to another medical condition
- Substance use disorders
- Identity problems
- Dependent personality disorder
- Schizotypal personality disorder
- Antisocial personality disorder
- Personality change due to another medical condition
- Substance use disorders
- Identity problems
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Brief Psychotic Disorder? (15)
- Psychotic disorder due to another medical condition
- Delirium
- Substance/medication-induced delirium
- Substance intoxication
- Schizophreniform disorder
- Delusional disorder
- Bipolar disorder with psychotic features
- Other schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
- Factitious disorder
- Personality disorders
- Schizophrenia
- Depressive disorder with psychotic features
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Bulimia Nervosa? (5)
- Anorexia Nervosa - binge-eating/purging type (body weight is much below normal)
- Kleine-Levin syndrome (episodic eating binges and hypersomnia)
- Borderline personality disorder (poor impulse control including impulsive eating)
- Binge-eating disorder
- MDD with atypical features
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Conduct disorder? 7
Depressive disorders Bipolar disorders ADHD Intermittent explosive disorder Adjustment disorders Oppositional defiant disorder Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Conversion Disorder? 9
Substance/medication-induced etiologies Neurological disease Somatic symptom disorder Somatization disorder Body dysmorphic disorder Dissociative Disorders Factitious disorder and malingering Depressive disorders Panic disorder
What needs to be ruled before you make a dx of Cyclothymic Disorder? 9
- Substance/medication-induced bipolar and related disorder
- Substance/medicaiton-induced depressive disorder
- MDD (the residual phase is characterized by dysthymic disorder in some patients, so-called “double depression)
- Borderline personality disorder
- Bipolar I disorder with rapid cycling
- Bipolar II disorder with rapid cycling
- Bipolar and related disorders due to another medical condition
- Depressive disorder due to another medical condition
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Delayed Ejaculation? (4)
Incompatible sexual technique
Substance/medication use
Dysfunction with orgasm (anhedonic ejaculation)
Another medical condition
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Delirium? 6
- Other neurocognitive disorders (e.g. major or minor neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer’s disease)
- Psychotic disorders
- Bipolar disorders with psychotic features
- Depressive disorders with psychotic features
- Acute stress disorder
- Factitious disorder and malingering
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Delusional Disorder? 11
- Delirium
- Major neurocognitive disorder
- Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder
- Schizophrenia
- Schizophreniform disorder
- Depressive disorder with psychotic features
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder with absent insight/delusional beliefs
- Body dysmorphic disorder with absent insight/delusional beliefs
- Schizoaffective disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Dependent Personality Disorder? (7)
Dependent traits without pathology
Depressive disorders (more episodic and not as chronic)
Agoraphobia
Panic disorder
Substance use disorders
Personality change due to another medical condition
Borderline personality disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder? 9
Other dissociative disorders Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders MDD Anxiety disorders OCD Histrionic personality disorder Illness anxiety disorder Substance/medication-induced disorders Mental disorders due to another medical condition
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Dissociative Amnesia? 12
Neurocognitive disorders Delirium Normal aging Dissociative identity disorder Factitious disorder and malingering PTSD Substance-related disorder Posttraumatic amnesia due to brain injury Seizure disorders Catatonic stupor Depersonalization/derealization disorder Acute stress disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of DID? 10
Borderline Personality Disorder Schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders MDD Bipolar disorders Conversion disorders Seizure disorders Factitious disorder Substance/medication-induced disorders PTSD Malingering must be ruled out when the pt presents in a forensic context
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Erectile Disorder? 6
- Presence of erections during REM sleep, morning erections, or erections with masturbation suggest a psychological rather than a physical cause
- MDD
- Substance/medication use
- Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
- Premature ejaculation
- Another medical condition
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Exhibitionistic Disorder? 6
Neurocognitive disorders Conduct disorder Antisocial personality disorder Schizophrenia Substance use disorders Situational difficulties (i.e. lack of suitable partners)
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx Factitious Disorder? 5
Conversion disorder Borderline personality disorder Somatic symptom disorder Medical condition or mental disorder not associated with intentional symptoms Malingering
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Female Orgasmic Disorder? 6
Nonsexual mental disorder
Interpersonal factors (e.g. IPV, severe relational distress)
Another medical condition
Substance/medication use
Other sexual dysfunction
Incompatible sexual technique or inadequate sexual stimulation
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder? 6
- Nonsexual mental disorders
- Interpersonal factors (e.g. intimate partner violence, severe relational distress)
- Substance/medication use
- Another medical condition
- Other sexual dysfunctions
- Inadequate or absent sexual stimuli
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Fetishistic Disorder? 6
Tranvestic disorder
Sexual mashochism disorder or other paraphilic disorders
Schizophrenia
Major or minor neurocognitive disorder
Situational difficulties
Fetishistic behavior without fetishistic disorder
What needs to be ruled before you make a dx of Frotteuristic Disorder? 6
Major neurocognitive disorder Schizophrenia Conduct disorder Antisocial personality disorder Substance use disorders Situational difficulties
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Gambling Disorder? 4
Nondisordered gambling
Manic episode (obvious mood evaluation seen) as in Bipolar I
Personality disorders
Adverse effect of medication
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Gender Dysphoria?4
Hermaphroditism
Severe distress about homosexuality
Body dysmorphic disorder
Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of GAD? (10)
PTSD Adjustment disorders Depressive disorders Psychotic disorders Bipolar disorders Anxiety disorder due to another medical condition OCD Social anxiety disorder Substance/medication-induced anxiety disorder Panic disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder? (5)
- Occasional pain associated with sexual intercourse
- Another medical condition (e.g. pelvic inflammatory disease, endometrioisis)
- Inadequate sexual stimuli
- Somatic symptom disorder and related disorders
- Specific phobia
What needs to be ruled out before you make a diagnosis of Histrionic Personality? (8)
- Borderline personality disorder (includes chronic feelings of boredom and emptiness and suicidal behavior)
- Narcissistic personality disorder (includes feelings of superiority)
- Dependent personality disorder (not characterized by flamboyance or an overly emotional state)
- Hypomanic symptoms in cyclothymic disorder
- Antisocial personality disorder
- Substance use disorders
- Personality change due to another medical condition
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Illness Anxiety Disorder? 15
Other medical conditions Somatic symptoms in children Somatic symptom disorder GAD OCD Major depressive episode Separation anxiety disorder Body dysmorphic disorder Specific phobia Psychotic disorders Panic disorder Adjustment disorders MDD
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Insomnia Disorder? (10)
Use stimulant drugs, particularly caffeine Sedative abuser seeking drugs Normal sleep variations Restless legs syndrome Parasomnias Breathing-related sleep disorders Narcolepsy Situational/acute insomnia Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders Substance/medication-induced sleep disorder, insomnia type
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Intermittent Explosive Disorder? (14)
- Alcohol or drug intoxication or withdrawal
- Psychotic disorders
- Conduct disorders
- Dissociative disorders
- Amok is a single episode of explosive behavior seen most commonly in Southeast Asian countries; dissociative symptoms are present
- Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
- Antisocial personality disorder
- Major neurocognitive disorder
- Delirium
- ADHD
- Oppositional defiant disorder
- Autism spectrum disorder
- Personality change due to another medical condition, aggressive type
- Borderline personality disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Kleptomania? (6)
- Stealing for actual gain
- Faking kleptomania (malingering) to avoid prosecution for stealing
- Conduct disorder in childhood and antisocial personality disorder in adulthood
- A manic episode in a bipolar disorder
- Major neurocognitive disorder
- Psychotic disorders
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of MDD? (11)
- Cancers present as depression
- Renal and cardiopulmonary disease
- Infectious disease
- Neurologic Illness (e.g. Parkinson disease, MS, dementia, stroke - particularly left frontal)
- Nutritional deficiency
- Endocrinologic abnormalities, particularly thyroid dysfunction
- Manic episodes with irritable mood or mixed episodes
- Substance/medication-induced depressive disorder
- ADHD
- Adjustment disorder with depressed mood
- Sadness
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder due to Alzheimer’s disease? (5)
- Normal aging
- MDD
- Delirium
- Other neurocognitive disorders (e.g. Lewy-body disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration)
- Medical conditions (e.g. Vitamin B12 deficiency, thyroid disorders)
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Major or Mild Vascular Neurocognitive Disorder? (4)
- Delirium
- Other neurocognitive disorders
- Other medical conditions (e.g. brain tumor, encephalitis, toxins)
- MDD
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder? (6)
- Substance/medication use
- Interpersonal factors (e.g. stress relationship distress)
- MDD or other nonsexual mental disorders
- Another medical condition
- Other sexual dysfunctions
- Occasional problems with sexual desire
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Narcissistic Personality Disorder? 8
- Narcissistic traits without disorder
- Histrionic personality disorder
- Borderline personality disorder (both include emotionality and instability)
- Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (includes feelings of imperfection)
- Bipolar disorders with mania
- Bipolar disorders with hypomania
- Substance use disorders
- Antisocial personality disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Narcolepsy? 10
Hypersomnolence Sleep deprivation and insufficient nocturnal sleep Sleep apnea leading to daytime sleepiness Abuse of sedative drugs Withdrawal from stimulant drugs Seizures Chorea and movement disorders Schizophrenia Conversion disorder MDD
What needs be ruled out before you make a dx of OCD? 13
Tourette's disorder and other tic disorders Temporal lobe epilepsy Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder Eating disorders MDD Body dysmorphic disorder Hoarding disorder Trichotillomania Stereotypic movement disorder Generalized anxiety disorder Specific phobia Social anxiety disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder? 7
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (presence of actual obsessions and compulsions with anxiety if they are not carried out)
Substance use disorder
Personality change due to another medical condition
Hoarding disorder
Narcissistic personality disorder
Schizoid personality disorder
Antisocial personality disorder
What needs to be ruled out before a dx of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea? 9
Primary snoring Narcolepsy Hypersomnia, including relating to depression Insomnia disorder Central sleep apnea Sleep-related hypoventilation Circadian rhythm sleep disorders Panic attacks Substance/medication-induced sleep disorders
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Oppositional Defiant Disorder? 10
Normal oppositional behavior Conduct disorder ADHD Depressive disorders Bipolar disorders Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder Social anxiety disorder Intermittent explosive disorder Intellectual explosive disorder Intellectual disability Difficulty understanding instructions, due to a language disability or poor hearing
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Panic disorder? 11
- Myocardial infraction
- Social anxiety disorder
- Specific phobia
- GAD
- Depressive disorders
- Illness anxiety disorder
- Factitious disorder
- Substance/medication-induced anxiety disorder
- Anxiety disorder due to another medical condition (e.g. arrhythmia, hyperthyroidism)
- Other mental disorders with panic attacks as an associated feature (if panic attacks occur only in response to specific triggers for example)
- Malingering
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Paranoid Personality Disorder? 9
- Delusional disorder persecutory type
- Schizophrenia
- Bipolar or depressive disorder with psychotic features (all include frank psychotic symptoms)
- Personality change due to another medical conditions
- Substance use disorders
- Borderline personality disorder
- Narcissistic personality disorder
- Antisocial personality disorder
- Schizotypal personality disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Pedophilic Disorder? 7
Major neurocognitive disorder Schizophrenia Situational difficulties Antisocial personality disorder Alcohol and substance use disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorder Antisocial personality disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Persistent Depressive Disorder? 7
- Bereavement or adjustment disorder with depressed mood
- Substance abuse
- MDD (the residual phase is characterized by dysthymic disorder in some patients, so-called double-depression)
- Psychotic disorders
- Personality disorders
- Substance/medication-induced depressive or bipolar disorder
- Depressive or bipolar and related disorder due to another medical condition
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Premature Ejaculation? 2
Occasional problems with premature ejaculation
Substance/medication-induced sexual dysfunction
What needs to be ruled before you make a dx of PTSD? 14
Traumatic brain injury caused by the traumatic event Substance abuse Borderline personality disorder Factitious disorder Malingering GAD Adjustment disorders Dissociative disorders Conversion disorder Psychotic disorders MDD Acute stress disorder Anxiety disorders Obsessive-compulsive disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Pyromania? 5
Insurance gain
Purposeful arson
Normal curiosity about fire or experimentation by children
Impaired judgment due to another mental condition
Fire set due to conduct disorder or similar disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Schizoaffective Disorder? 14
Psychotic disorder due to another medical condition Delirium Major neurocognitive disorder Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder Subtance/medication-induced delirium Schizophrenia Bipolar disorder with psychotic features MDD with psychotic features Brief psychotic disorder Schizotypal personality disorder Paranoid personality disorder Delusional disorder Schizophreniform disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a diagnosis of Schizoid Personality Disorder? 10
- Loner without pathology
- Delusional Disorder
- Schizophrenia
- Mild form of autism spectrum disorder (stereotyped behavior patterns as well as impaired social behavior)
- Bipolar disorders with psychotic features
- MDD with psychotic features
- Substance use disorders
- Personality change due to another medical condition
- Schizotypal personality disorder
- Paranoid personality disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Schizophrenia? 18
Temporal lobe epilepsy Neurologic disease or trauma Poisoning Endocrine disorders Brief psychotic disorders Schizophreniform and schizoaffective disorders Manic phase of bipolar disorders Delusional disorders Schizoid and schizotypal personality disorders Substance abuse Autism spectrum disorder Communication disorders Other medical disorder with psychotic episodes Obsessive-compulsive disorder Body dysmorphic disorder PTSD Depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic or catatonic features
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Schizophreniform Disorder? 18
Brief psychotic disorder Delirium Major neurocognitive disorder Depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic or catatonic features Schizophrenia Delusional Disorder Autism spectrum disorder ADHD PTSD TBI OCD Disorders of disorganized speech in childhood Schizotypal personality disorder Other schizophrenia spectrum or other psychotic disorder Schizoaffective disorder Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder or delirium
What needs to be ruled out before you make a diagnosis of Schizotypal Personality Disorder? 12
Delusional disorder Schizophrenia Mood disorder with psychotic features Substance use disorder Personality change due to another medical condition Mild form of autism spectrum disorder Communication disorders Bipolar or depressive disorder with psychotic features Paranoid personality disorder Schizoid personality disorder Borderline personality disorder Transient emotional turmoil of adolescence
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Selective Mutism? 9
Pragmatic communication disorder Speech sound disorder Language disorder Childhood-onset fluency disorder Lack of knowledge of the language Schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder Severe intellectual diability Social anxiety disorder Autism spectrum disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Separation Anxiety Disorder? 8
Pervasive developmental disorder Schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders GAD Panic disorder with agoraphobia Agoraphobia without hx of panic disorder Psychotic disorders Conduct disorder Developmentally appropriate levels of separation anxiety
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Sexual Masochism Disorder? 7
Major neurocognitive disorder Schizophrenia Situational difficulties Dependent personality disrder Alcohol and substance use disorder Other paraphilic disorders Sexual masochism in the absence of distress
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Somatic Symptom Disorder? 12
Other medical conditions Schizophrenia Illness anxiety disorder Panic disorder GAD Depressive disorders Sexual dysfunction Conversion disorder Dissociative disorder OCD Body dysmorphic disorder Delusional disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Specific Phobia? 13
Normal shyness OCD Illness anxiety disorder Separation anxiety disorder Paranoid personality disorder Panic disorder Schizoid personality disorder MDD Agoraphobia Social anxiety disorder Eating disorders Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders Trauma and stressor-related disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Tourette’s disorder? 14
Abnormal movements from medical conditions Effects of a substance Choreiform, dystonic, athetoid, myoclonic, hemiballismic movements Spasms Hemifacial spasm Synkinesis Medication induced movement fisorders Stereotypic movement disorder Autism spectrum disorders Compulsions Schizophrenia Provisional tic disorder Chronic motor disorder Persistent motor or vocal tic disorder
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Transvestic Disorder? 5
Major neurocognitive disorder Schizophrenia Situational difficulties Fetishistic disorder Gender dysphoria
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Trichotillmania? 6
- Alopecia or hair pulling due to a medical condition
- Normative hair removal or manipulation
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder, which is commonly not limited to one compulsion but may be related to symmetry
- Stereotypic movement disorder
- Psychotic disorders
What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Voyeuristic Disorder? 6
Major neurocognitive disorder Schizophrenia Situational difficulties Antisocial personality disorder Conduct disorder Substance use disorder
