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NCMHCE > Rule out diagnoses > Flashcards

Rule out diagnoses Flashcards

1
Q

What need to be ruled out before you make a diagnosis of Adjustment Disorder? 6

A
  • Acute Stress Disorder (extremely severe stressor that elicits multiple psychological symptoms, e.g., intrusive distressing memories, withdrawal, or dissociation lasting up to 2-4 weeks)
  • MDD
  • PTSD
  • Personality Disorders
  • Psychological factors affecting other medical conditions
  • Normative stress reactions
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2
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa? 9

A 
Medical condition causing weight loss
MDD resulting in lack of appetite and weight loss
Substance abuse disorders
Bulimia Nervosa
Social anxiety disorder
Body dysmorphic disorder
OCD
Schizophrenia
Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
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3
Q

What needs to be ruled before you make a dx of Antisocial Personality Disorder? 6

A 
Criminal behavior
Substance abuse
Narcissistic personality disorder
Paranoid personality disorder
Hypomanic episode in bipolar II disorder
Cyclothymic disorder
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4
Q

What needs to be ruled before you make a dx of ADHD? 18

A 
Normal temperamental characteristics
Depressive disorders
Bipolar disorders
Anxiety disorders
Intermittent explosive disorder
Oppositional defiant disorder
Stereotypic movement disorder
Tourette's disorder
Autism spectrum disorder
Specific learning disorder
Substance use disorders
Personality Disorders
Neurocognitive disorders
Psychotic disorders
Medication-induced symptoms
Reactive attachment disorder
Intellectual disability
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
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5
Q

What need to be ruled out before you make a dx of Autism Spectrum Disorder? (11)

A 
Congenital hearing impairment
Schizophrenia with childhood onset
Psychosocial deprivation
Childhood schizophrenia
Rett Disorder (in girls)
OCD
Schizoid personality disorder
Selective mutism
Language Disorders
Social communication disorders
ADHD
Intellectual disability without autism spectrum disorder
Stereotypic movement disorder
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6
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Avoidant Personality Disorder? 6

A
  • Social phobia (experiences significant anxiety symptoms in social situations)
  • Dependent personality disorder (mainly seeks care from others)
  • Schizoid personality disorder (is content with little social contact)
  • Agoraphobia
  • Substance use disorders
  • Personality change due to another medical condition
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7
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Bipolar I Disorder? (15)

A 
Bipolar II disorder
Schizophrenia
Substance use disorders
Delirium
Cyclothymic disorder
MDD
Bipolar disorder due to another medical condition
Personality disorders
Disorders with prominent irritability
ADHD
Substance/medication-induced bipolar disorder
Panic disorder
GAD and other anxiety disorders
PTSD
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8
Q

What need to be ruled out before you make a dx of Body Dysmorphic Disorder? (12)

A 
Normal appearance concerns
Psychotic disorders
Anorexia and other eating disorders
Gender dysphoria
MDD
Avoidant personality disorder
OCD
Delusional disorder, somatic type
Koro
Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
Anxiety disorders
Illness anxiety disorder
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9
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Borderline Personality Disorder? (11)

A
  • Histrionic personality disorder
  • Narcissistic personality disorder
  • Paranoid personality disorder (do not include self-destructive behavior or feelings of aloneness)
  • Depressive disorders
  • Bipolar disorders
  • Personality change due to another medical condition
  • Substance use disorders
  • Identity problems
  • Dependent personality disorder
  • Schizotypal personality disorder
  • Antisocial personality disorder
  • Personality change due to another medical condition
  • Substance use disorders
  • Identity problems
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10
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Brief Psychotic Disorder? (15)

A
  • Psychotic disorder due to another medical condition
  • Delirium
  • Substance/medication-induced delirium
  • Substance intoxication
  • Schizophreniform disorder
  • Delusional disorder
  • Bipolar disorder with psychotic features
  • Other schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
  • Factitious disorder
  • Personality disorders
  • Schizophrenia
  • Depressive disorder with psychotic features
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11
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Bulimia Nervosa? (5)

A
  • Anorexia Nervosa - binge-eating/purging type (body weight is much below normal)
  • Kleine-Levin syndrome (episodic eating binges and hypersomnia)
  • Borderline personality disorder (poor impulse control including impulsive eating)
  • Binge-eating disorder
  • MDD with atypical features
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12
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Conduct disorder? 7

A 
Depressive disorders
Bipolar disorders
ADHD
Intermittent explosive disorder
Adjustment disorders
Oppositional defiant disorder
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
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13
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Conversion Disorder? 9

A 
Substance/medication-induced etiologies
Neurological disease
Somatic symptom disorder
Somatization disorder
Body dysmorphic disorder
Dissociative Disorders
Factitious disorder and malingering
Depressive disorders
Panic disorder
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14
Q

What needs to be ruled before you make a dx of Cyclothymic Disorder? 9

A
  • Substance/medication-induced bipolar and related disorder
  • Substance/medicaiton-induced depressive disorder
  • MDD (the residual phase is characterized by dysthymic disorder in some patients, so-called “double depression)
  • Borderline personality disorder
  • Bipolar I disorder with rapid cycling
  • Bipolar II disorder with rapid cycling
  • Bipolar and related disorders due to another medical condition
  • Depressive disorder due to another medical condition
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15
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Delayed Ejaculation? (4)

A

Incompatible sexual technique
Substance/medication use
Dysfunction with orgasm (anhedonic ejaculation)
Another medical condition

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16
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Delirium? 6

A
  • Other neurocognitive disorders (e.g. major or minor neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer’s disease)
  • Psychotic disorders
  • Bipolar disorders with psychotic features
  • Depressive disorders with psychotic features
  • Acute stress disorder
  • Factitious disorder and malingering
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17
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Delusional Disorder? 11

A
  • Delirium
  • Major neurocognitive disorder
  • Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder
  • Schizophrenia
  • Schizophreniform disorder
  • Depressive disorder with psychotic features
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder with absent insight/delusional beliefs
  • Body dysmorphic disorder with absent insight/delusional beliefs
  • Schizoaffective disorder
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18
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Dependent Personality Disorder? (7)

A

Dependent traits without pathology
Depressive disorders (more episodic and not as chronic)
Agoraphobia
Panic disorder
Substance use disorders
Personality change due to another medical condition
Borderline personality disorder

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19
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder? 9

A 
Other dissociative disorders
Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
MDD
Anxiety disorders
OCD
Histrionic personality disorder
Illness anxiety disorder
Substance/medication-induced disorders
Mental disorders due to another medical condition
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20
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Dissociative Amnesia? 12

A 
Neurocognitive disorders
Delirium
Normal aging
Dissociative identity disorder
Factitious disorder and malingering
PTSD
Substance-related disorder
Posttraumatic amnesia due to brain injury
Seizure disorders
Catatonic stupor
Depersonalization/derealization disorder
Acute stress disorder
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21
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of DID? 10

A 
Borderline Personality Disorder
Schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders
MDD
Bipolar disorders
Conversion disorders
Seizure disorders
Factitious disorder
Substance/medication-induced disorders
PTSD
Malingering must be ruled out when the pt presents in a forensic context
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22
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Erectile Disorder? 6

A
  • Presence of erections during REM sleep, morning erections, or erections with masturbation suggest a psychological rather than a physical cause
  • MDD
  • Substance/medication use
  • Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
  • Premature ejaculation
  • Another medical condition
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23
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Exhibitionistic Disorder? 6

A 
Neurocognitive disorders
Conduct disorder
Antisocial personality disorder
Schizophrenia
Substance use disorders
Situational difficulties (i.e. lack of suitable partners)
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24
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx Factitious Disorder? 5

A 
Conversion disorder
Borderline personality disorder
Somatic symptom disorder
Medical condition or mental disorder not associated with intentional symptoms
Malingering
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25
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Female Orgasmic Disorder? 6

A

Nonsexual mental disorder
Interpersonal factors (e.g. IPV, severe relational distress)
Another medical condition
Substance/medication use
Other sexual dysfunction
Incompatible sexual technique or inadequate sexual stimulation

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26
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder? 6

A
  • Nonsexual mental disorders
  • Interpersonal factors (e.g. intimate partner violence, severe relational distress)
  • Substance/medication use
  • Another medical condition
  • Other sexual dysfunctions
  • Inadequate or absent sexual stimuli
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27
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Fetishistic Disorder? 6

A

Tranvestic disorder
Sexual mashochism disorder or other paraphilic disorders
Schizophrenia
Major or minor neurocognitive disorder
Situational difficulties
Fetishistic behavior without fetishistic disorder

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28
Q

What needs to be ruled before you make a dx of Frotteuristic Disorder? 6

A 
Major neurocognitive disorder
Schizophrenia
Conduct disorder
Antisocial personality disorder
Substance use disorders
Situational difficulties
29
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Gambling Disorder? 4

A

Nondisordered gambling
Manic episode (obvious mood evaluation seen) as in Bipolar I
Personality disorders
Adverse effect of medication

30
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Gender Dysphoria?4

A

Hermaphroditism
Severe distress about homosexuality
Body dysmorphic disorder
Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders

31
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of GAD? (10)

A 
PTSD 
Adjustment disorders
Depressive disorders
Psychotic disorders
Bipolar disorders
Anxiety disorder due to another medical condition
OCD
Social anxiety disorder
Substance/medication-induced anxiety disorder
Panic disorder
32
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder? (5)

A
  • Occasional pain associated with sexual intercourse
  • Another medical condition (e.g. pelvic inflammatory disease, endometrioisis)
  • Inadequate sexual stimuli
  • Somatic symptom disorder and related disorders
  • Specific phobia
33
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a diagnosis of Histrionic Personality? (8)

A
  • Borderline personality disorder (includes chronic feelings of boredom and emptiness and suicidal behavior)
  • Narcissistic personality disorder (includes feelings of superiority)
  • Dependent personality disorder (not characterized by flamboyance or an overly emotional state)
  • Hypomanic symptoms in cyclothymic disorder
  • Antisocial personality disorder
  • Substance use disorders
  • Personality change due to another medical condition
34
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Illness Anxiety Disorder? 15

A 
Other medical conditions
Somatic symptoms in children
Somatic symptom disorder
GAD
OCD
Major depressive episode 
Separation anxiety disorder
Body dysmorphic disorder
Specific phobia
Psychotic disorders
Panic disorder
Adjustment disorders
MDD
35
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Insomnia Disorder? (10)

A 
Use stimulant drugs, particularly caffeine
Sedative abuser seeking drugs
Normal sleep variations
Restless legs syndrome
Parasomnias
Breathing-related sleep disorders
Narcolepsy
Situational/acute insomnia 
Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders
Substance/medication-induced sleep disorder, insomnia type
36
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Intermittent Explosive Disorder? (14)

A
  • Alcohol or drug intoxication or withdrawal
  • Psychotic disorders
  • Conduct disorders
  • Dissociative disorders
  • Amok is a single episode of explosive behavior seen most commonly in Southeast Asian countries; dissociative symptoms are present
  • Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
  • Antisocial personality disorder
  • Major neurocognitive disorder
  • Delirium
  • ADHD
  • Oppositional defiant disorder
  • Autism spectrum disorder
  • Personality change due to another medical condition, aggressive type
  • Borderline personality disorder
37
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Kleptomania? (6)

A
  • Stealing for actual gain
  • Faking kleptomania (malingering) to avoid prosecution for stealing
  • Conduct disorder in childhood and antisocial personality disorder in adulthood
  • A manic episode in a bipolar disorder
  • Major neurocognitive disorder
  • Psychotic disorders
38
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of MDD? (11)

A
  • Cancers present as depression
  • Renal and cardiopulmonary disease
  • Infectious disease
  • Neurologic Illness (e.g. Parkinson disease, MS, dementia, stroke - particularly left frontal)
  • Nutritional deficiency
  • Endocrinologic abnormalities, particularly thyroid dysfunction
  • Manic episodes with irritable mood or mixed episodes
  • Substance/medication-induced depressive disorder
  • ADHD
  • Adjustment disorder with depressed mood
  • Sadness
39
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Major or Mild Neurocognitive Disorder due to Alzheimer’s disease? (5)

A
  • Normal aging
  • MDD
  • Delirium
  • Other neurocognitive disorders (e.g. Lewy-body disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration)
  • Medical conditions (e.g. Vitamin B12 deficiency, thyroid disorders)
40
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Major or Mild Vascular Neurocognitive Disorder? (4)

A
  • Delirium
  • Other neurocognitive disorders
  • Other medical conditions (e.g. brain tumor, encephalitis, toxins)
  • MDD
41
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder? (6)

A
  • Substance/medication use
  • Interpersonal factors (e.g. stress relationship distress)
  • MDD or other nonsexual mental disorders
  • Another medical condition
  • Other sexual dysfunctions
  • Occasional problems with sexual desire
42
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Narcissistic Personality Disorder? 8

A
  • Narcissistic traits without disorder
  • Histrionic personality disorder
  • Borderline personality disorder (both include emotionality and instability)
  • Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (includes feelings of imperfection)
  • Bipolar disorders with mania
  • Bipolar disorders with hypomania
  • Substance use disorders
  • Antisocial personality disorder
43
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Narcolepsy? 10

A 
Hypersomnolence 
Sleep deprivation and insufficient nocturnal sleep
Sleep apnea leading to daytime sleepiness
Abuse of sedative drugs
Withdrawal from stimulant drugs
Seizures
Chorea and movement disorders
Schizophrenia
Conversion disorder
MDD
44
Q

What needs be ruled out before you make a dx of OCD? 13

A 
Tourette's disorder and other tic disorders
Temporal lobe epilepsy
Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Eating disorders
MDD
Body dysmorphic disorder
Hoarding disorder
Trichotillomania
Stereotypic movement disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder
Specific phobia
Social anxiety disorder
45
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder? 7

A

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (presence of actual obsessions and compulsions with anxiety if they are not carried out)
Substance use disorder
Personality change due to another medical condition
Hoarding disorder
Narcissistic personality disorder
Schizoid personality disorder
Antisocial personality disorder

46
Q

What needs to be ruled out before a dx of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea? 9

A 
Primary snoring
Narcolepsy
Hypersomnia, including relating to depression
Insomnia disorder
Central sleep apnea
Sleep-related hypoventilation
Circadian rhythm sleep disorders
Panic attacks
Substance/medication-induced sleep disorders
47
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Oppositional Defiant Disorder? 10

A 
Normal oppositional behavior
Conduct disorder
ADHD
Depressive disorders
Bipolar disorders
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Social anxiety disorder
Intermittent explosive disorder
Intellectual explosive disorder
Intellectual disability 
Difficulty understanding instructions, due to a language disability or poor hearing
48
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Panic disorder? 11

A
  • Myocardial infraction
  • Social anxiety disorder
  • Specific phobia
  • GAD
  • Depressive disorders
  • Illness anxiety disorder
  • Factitious disorder
  • Substance/medication-induced anxiety disorder
  • Anxiety disorder due to another medical condition (e.g. arrhythmia, hyperthyroidism)
  • Other mental disorders with panic attacks as an associated feature (if panic attacks occur only in response to specific triggers for example)
  • Malingering
49
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Paranoid Personality Disorder? 9

A
  • Delusional disorder persecutory type
  • Schizophrenia
  • Bipolar or depressive disorder with psychotic features (all include frank psychotic symptoms)
  • Personality change due to another medical conditions
  • Substance use disorders
  • Borderline personality disorder
  • Narcissistic personality disorder
  • Antisocial personality disorder
  • Schizotypal personality disorder
50
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Pedophilic Disorder? 7

A 
Major neurocognitive disorder
Schizophrenia 
Situational difficulties
Antisocial personality disorder
Alcohol and substance use disorder
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Antisocial personality disorder
51
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Persistent Depressive Disorder? 7

A
  • Bereavement or adjustment disorder with depressed mood
  • Substance abuse
  • MDD (the residual phase is characterized by dysthymic disorder in some patients, so-called double-depression)
  • Psychotic disorders
  • Personality disorders
  • Substance/medication-induced depressive or bipolar disorder
  • Depressive or bipolar and related disorder due to another medical condition
52
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Premature Ejaculation? 2

A

Occasional problems with premature ejaculation

Substance/medication-induced sexual dysfunction

53
Q

What needs to be ruled before you make a dx of PTSD? 14

A 
Traumatic brain injury caused by the traumatic event
Substance abuse
Borderline personality disorder
Factitious disorder
Malingering
GAD
Adjustment disorders
Dissociative disorders
Conversion disorder
Psychotic disorders
MDD
Acute stress disorder
Anxiety disorders
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
54
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Pyromania? 5

A

Insurance gain
Purposeful arson
Normal curiosity about fire or experimentation by children
Impaired judgment due to another mental condition
Fire set due to conduct disorder or similar disorder

55
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Schizoaffective Disorder? 14

A 
Psychotic disorder due to another medical condition
Delirium
Major neurocognitive disorder
Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder
Subtance/medication-induced delirium
Schizophrenia
Bipolar disorder with psychotic features
MDD with psychotic features
Brief psychotic disorder
Schizotypal personality disorder
Paranoid personality disorder
Delusional disorder
Schizophreniform disorder
56
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a diagnosis of Schizoid Personality Disorder? 10

A
  • Loner without pathology
  • Delusional Disorder
  • Schizophrenia
  • Mild form of autism spectrum disorder (stereotyped behavior patterns as well as impaired social behavior)
  • Bipolar disorders with psychotic features
  • MDD with psychotic features
  • Substance use disorders
  • Personality change due to another medical condition
  • Schizotypal personality disorder
  • Paranoid personality disorder
57
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Schizophrenia? 18

A 
Temporal lobe epilepsy
Neurologic disease or trauma
Poisoning
Endocrine disorders
Brief psychotic disorders
Schizophreniform and schizoaffective disorders
Manic phase of bipolar disorders
Delusional disorders
Schizoid and schizotypal personality disorders
Substance abuse
Autism spectrum disorder
Communication disorders
Other medical disorder with psychotic episodes
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Body dysmorphic disorder
PTSD
Depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic or catatonic features
58
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Schizophreniform Disorder? 18

A 
Brief psychotic disorder
Delirium
Major neurocognitive disorder
Depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic or catatonic features
Schizophrenia
Delusional Disorder
Autism spectrum disorder
ADHD
PTSD
TBI
OCD
Disorders of disorganized speech in childhood
Schizotypal personality disorder
Other schizophrenia spectrum or other psychotic disorder
Schizoaffective disorder
Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder or delirium
59
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a diagnosis of Schizotypal Personality Disorder? 12

A 
Delusional disorder
Schizophrenia
Mood disorder with psychotic features
Substance use disorder
Personality change due to another medical condition
Mild form of autism spectrum disorder
Communication disorders
Bipolar or depressive disorder with psychotic features
Paranoid personality disorder
Schizoid personality disorder
Borderline personality disorder
Transient emotional turmoil of adolescence
60
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Selective Mutism? 9

A 
Pragmatic communication disorder
Speech sound disorder
Language disorder
Childhood-onset fluency disorder
Lack of knowledge of the language
Schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder
Severe intellectual diability
Social anxiety disorder
Autism spectrum disorder
61
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Separation Anxiety Disorder? 8

A 
Pervasive developmental disorder
Schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders
GAD
Panic disorder with agoraphobia
Agoraphobia without hx of panic disorder
Psychotic disorders
Conduct disorder 
Developmentally appropriate levels of separation anxiety
62
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Sexual Masochism Disorder? 7

A 
Major neurocognitive disorder
Schizophrenia
Situational difficulties 
Dependent personality disrder
Alcohol and substance use disorder
Other paraphilic disorders
Sexual masochism in the absence of distress
63
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Somatic Symptom Disorder? 12

A 
Other medical conditions
Schizophrenia
Illness anxiety disorder
Panic disorder
GAD
Depressive disorders
Sexual dysfunction
Conversion disorder
Dissociative disorder
OCD
Body dysmorphic disorder
Delusional disorder
64
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Specific Phobia? 13

A 
Normal shyness
OCD
Illness anxiety disorder
Separation anxiety disorder
Paranoid personality disorder
Panic disorder
Schizoid personality disorder
MDD
Agoraphobia
Social anxiety disorder
Eating disorders
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
Trauma and stressor-related disorder
65
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Tourette’s disorder? 14

A 
Abnormal movements from medical conditions
Effects of a substance 
Choreiform, dystonic, athetoid, myoclonic, hemiballismic movements
Spasms
Hemifacial spasm
Synkinesis
Medication induced movement fisorders
Stereotypic movement disorder
Autism spectrum disorders
Compulsions
Schizophrenia
Provisional tic disorder
Chronic motor disorder
Persistent motor or vocal tic disorder
66
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Transvestic Disorder? 5

A 
Major neurocognitive disorder
Schizophrenia
Situational difficulties
Fetishistic disorder
Gender dysphoria
67
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Trichotillmania? 6

A
  • Alopecia or hair pulling due to a medical condition
  • Normative hair removal or manipulation
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder, which is commonly not limited to one compulsion but may be related to symmetry
  • Stereotypic movement disorder
  • Psychotic disorders
68
Q

What needs to be ruled out before you make a dx of Voyeuristic Disorder? 6

A 
Major neurocognitive disorder
Schizophrenia
Situational difficulties
Antisocial personality disorder
Conduct disorder
Substance use disorder

NCMHCE (15 decks)

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